Objective: To investigate the effect of long non-coding RNA (LncRNA) KCNQ1 opposite strand/antisense transcript 1 (KCNQ1OT1) on the malignant biological behavior of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) cells by targeting miR-324-5p. Methods: The expression levels of LncRNA KCNQ1OT1 and miR-324-5p in human bone marrow stromal cells (HS-5) and AML cell lines (U937, MOLM-13, HL-60) were detected using quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR). RNA immunoprecipitation (RIP), RNA pull-down, and dual-luciferase reporter assays were performed to validate the targeting relationship between LncRNA KCNQ1OT1 and miR-324-5p in U937 cells. U937 cells were divided into five groups: control group, si-KCNQ1OT1 group, miR-324-5p mimics group, si-NC+miR-324-5p-NC group, and si-KCNQ1OT1+miR-324-5p inhibitor group. Cells were transfected with LncRNA KCNQ1OT1 siRNA, miR-324-5p mimics, or corresponding controls. The expression of LncRNA KCNQ1OT1 and miR-324-5p was measured by qPCR. Cell proliferation was assessed using Edu staining, cell invasion and migration were evaluated by Transwell assays, apoptosis was detected by flow cytometry, mitochondrial membrane potential was measured using JC-1 fluorescence staining, and the expression of proliferation-, apoptosis-, and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT)-related proteins was analyzed by Western blot. Results: LncRNA KCNQ1OT1 specifically bound to miR-324-5p in U937 cells. Compared to the control group, the si-KCNQ1OT1 and miR-324-5p mimics groups showed significantly higher miR-324-5p expression (2.21±0.20, 2.30±0.19 vs 0.98±0.13) and apoptosis rates (49.63±2.15%, 54.92±2.67% vs 1.87±0.61%) (P<0.05), while Edu positivity rates (24.14±5.72%, 17.65±4.16% vs 73.52±8.29%), invasion counts (96.83±15.75, 83.50±16.28 vs 327.00±24.56), migration counts (115.33±18.67, 103.50±20.13 vs 383.50±29.25), and mitochondrial membrane potential (0.73±0.21, 0.56±0.18 vs 5.92±0.49) were significantly lower (P<0.05). In the si-KCNQ1OT1+miR-324-5p inhibitor group, miR-324-5p expression (1.02±0.14 vs 2.21±0.20) and apoptosis rates (3.02±0.94% vs 49.63±2.15%) were lower than in the si-KCNQ1OT1 group (P<0.05), while Edu positivity rates (68.93±8.35% vs 24.14±5.72%), invasion counts (309.50±21.90 vs 96.83±15.75), migration counts (368.33±26.40 vs 115.33±18.67), and mitochondrial membrane potential (5.65±0.51 vs 0.73±0.21) were higher (P<0.05). Statistical values were as follows: miR-324-5p expression (F=100.155, P=0.000), apoptosis rate (F=1708.438, P=0.000), Edu positivity rate (F=90.177, P=0.000), invasion count (F=217.555, P=0.000), migration count (F=219.404, P=0.000), and mitochondrial membrane potential (F=311.520, P=0.000). Conclusion: Silencing LncRNA KCNQ1OT1 attenuates the malignant biological behavior of AML cells by upregulating miR-324-5p.

Objective: To investigate the transcriptional activation effect of the transcription factor Forkhead box O1 (FoxO1) on the autophagy-related protein Beclin-1 in human dental periodontal stem cells, as well as the regulatory mechanisms of FoxO1 on autophagy, inflammation, and osteogenic differentiation in human periodontal ligament stem cells (PDLSCs). Methods: Human PDLSCs were divided into four groups: control group (human PDLSCs were cultured in Dulbecco's Modified Eagle Medium (DMEM) for 24hours, then replaced with fresh DMEM and cultured for one week), osteogenic induction group (human PDLSCs were cultured in DMEM for 24hours, then replaced with DMEM containing 100nmoL/L dexamethasone, 10mmoL/L beta-glycerophosphate, and 80 mg/L vitamin C and cultured for one week), empty vector group (EV; human PDLSCs were transfected with an empty vector plasmid for 24hours, then replaced with fresh DMEM and cultured for one week), and FoxO1 overexpression group (FoxO1-OE; human PDLSCs were transfected with a recombinant plasmid overexpressing FoxO1 for 24hours, then replaced with fresh DMEM and cultured for one week). The expression of FoxO1 and Beclin-1 in the cell lysate was analyzed using quantitative PCR (qPCR) and Western blot. Dual-luciferase assays were utilized to verify the binding of FoxO1 to the Beclin-1 promoter region. Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) was used to measure the levels of inflammatory cytokines (Interleukin-1β (IL-1β), Interleukin-6 (IL-6), Tumor Necrosis Factor-α (TNF-α)) in the culture supernatants of each group. Western blotting was employed to detect the expression of autophagy markers p62, Microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3-I (LC3-I), and Microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3-II (LC3-II). Alkaline Phosphatase (ALP) staining and Alizarin Red S staining were used to assess osteogenic differentiation and calcium nodule formation in each group. Immunofluorescence was utilized to detect the expression of the transcription factor Runx2. Results: Compared to the control group, the osteogenic induction group exhibited increased mRNA and protein levels of FoxO1 and Beclin-1 (P<0.05), and the same trend was observed when comparing the EV group to the FoxO1-OE group (P<0.05). The dual-luciferase assay demonstrated that FoxO1 significantly increased the luciferase activity of the Beclin-1 wild-type (WT) group (P<0.05), but had no effect on the Beclin-1 mutant (MUT) group (P > 0.05). Compared to the control group, the osteogenic induction group showed a decrease in p62 protein levels and an increase in the LC3-II/LC3-I ratio (P<0.05); similar differences were observed between the EV group and the FoxO1-OE group (P<0.05). Osteogenic induction did not significantly affect the levels of inflammatory cytokines (IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α) (P>0.05), but FoxO1 overexpression significantly reduced these cytokines' levels (P<0.05). Both osteogenic induction and FoxO1 overexpression resulted in increased ALP and calcium nodule staining areas, accompanied by upregulated Runx2 expression (P<0.05). Conclusion: FoxO1 promotes autophagy through the activation of Beclin-1 expression in human PDLSCs, reduces inflammation, and thereby enhances osteogenic differentiation.

Objective: To investigate the effects of diosmetin (DIO) on the proliferation, migration, invasion, and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) of pancreatic cancer cells by regulating the Hippo pathway. Methods: Human pancreatic cancer cells (PANC-1) were treated with diosmetin at concentrations ranging from 0.625μg/mL to 20 μg/mL to determine the optimal experimental concentration. PANC-1 cells were divided into the following groups: Control group, low-concentration diosmetin group (D-L), medium-concentration diosmetin group (D-M), high-concentration diosmetin group (D-H), and YAP inhibitor verteporfin group (VP). Except for the Control group, cells in the other groups were treated with the corresponding drugs. The effects of diosmetin on PANC-1 cell proliferation, migration, and invasion were assessed. Protein expression was detected by Western blotting, and the impact of diosmetin on pancreatic cancer xenograft growth was evaluated in a mouse model. Results: Diosmetin concentrations of 2.5μg/mL, 5.0μg/mL, and 10.0μg/mL were selected for subsequent experiments. Compared to the Control group, the D-L, D-M, and D-H groups showed reduced Edu-positive rates, scratch healing rates, and cell invasion numbers, along with downregulated expression of PCNA, MMP-2, MMP-9, N-cadherin, and vimentin, and upregulated expression of E-cadherin, p-YAP/YAP, and p-TAZ/TAZ (P<0.05). Compared to the D-H group, the VP group exhibited increased Edu-positive rates, scratch healing rates, and cell invasion numbers, upregulated expression of PCNA, MMP-2, MMP-9, N-cadherin, and vimentin, and downregulated expression of E-cadherin, p-YAP/YAP, and p-TAZ/TAZ (P<0.05). In the mouse xenograft model, the diosmetin group showed reduced tumor volume and weight, along with upregulated expression of p-YAP/YAP and p-TAZ/TAZ (P<0.05). Conclusion: Diosmetin inhibits the proliferation, migration, invasion, and EMT of pancreatic cancer cells by activating the Hippo pathway.

Objective: To investigate the regulatory role of the tumor necrosis factor receptor-associated factor 6 (TRAF6)-nuclear factor κB (NF-κB) signaling pathway in mice with biliary pancreatitis, particularly its effects on the expression of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) and oxidative stress response. Methods: Twenty-four adult male C57BL/6J mice were randomly divided into three groups, with eight mice in each group: normal group (Group I), model group (Group II), and model + C25-140 group (Group III). C25-140 is a specific inhibitor of TRAF6 and NF-κB activity. The pancreatic organ-body ratio was measured in each group. Western blot was used to detect the expression of TRAF6, NF-κB p65, phosphorylated NF-κB p65 (p-NF-κB p65), interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), MMP-2, and MMP-9 in pancreatic tissue. Additionally, levels of IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α, α-amylase, and lipase in the serum were measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) or kit methods. Results: Compared to Group I, Group II showed a significant increase in the pancreatic organ-body ratio (P<0.05), as well as significantly higher levels of IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α, α-amylase, and lipase in both pancreatic tissue and serum (all P<0.05). Compared to Group II, these indicators were significantly lower in Group III (all P<0.05). TRAF6 and p-NF-κB p65 expressions were significantly upregulated in Group II compared to Group I (both P<0.05), while NF-κB p65 expression showed no significant difference (P>0.05). Group III showed significant downregulation of TRAF6 and p-NF-κB p65 compared to Group II (both P<0.05), with no significant difference in NF-κB p65 expression (P>0.05). MMP-2 and MMP-9 expressions in pancreatic tissue were significantly upregulated in Group II compared to Group I (both P<0.05). Group III showed significant downregulation of MMP-2 and MMP-9 compared to Group II (both P<0.05). Levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and malondialdehyde (MDA) were significantly increased, whereas superoxide dismutase (SOD) levels were significantly decreased in Group II compared to Group I (all P<0.05). In contrast, ROS and MDA levels were significantly decreased, and SOD levels were significantly increased in Group III compared to Group II (all P<0.05). Conclusion: The TRAF6-NF-κB signaling pathway plays an important regulatory role in the inflammatory response, MMP-2 and MMP-9 expression, and oxidative stress response in mice with biliary pancreatitis. The specific inhibitor C25-140 alleviates the inflammatory response, reduces MMPs expression, and mitigates oxidative stress response in these mice by inhibiting the TRAF6-NF-κB signaling pathway.

Objective: To investigate the neuroprotective effect of sevoflurane (Sevo) on rat with traumatic brain injury (TBI) by regulating cellular autophagy through the AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK)/silent mating type information regulator 2 homolog 1 (SIRT1)-nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) pathway. Methods: The successfully modeled TBI rats were grouped into TBI group, L-Sevo, M-Sevo, H-Sevo (inhalation of 2L/min O₂ + 1%, 2%, 4% Sevo + intraperitoneal injection of 2mg/kg normal saline), and Sevo+Compound C (inhalation of 2L/min O₂ + 4% Sevo + intraperitoneal injection of 2mg/kg AMPK inhibitor Compound C). Additionally, 6 rats were selected as the Sham group. The Sham and TBI groups inhaled 2L/min O₂+ injected an equal amount of normal saline, both inhaling gas for 6 hours, with 6 rats in each group. The modified neurological severity score (mNSS) was applied to evaluate the degree of neurological deficits in TBI rats. Nissl staining was applied to observe the pathological condition of rat cortical tissue. Transmission electron microscopy was applied to observe autophagy in rat cortical tissue cells. TUNEL staining was applied to observe apoptosis of cortical tissue cells in rats. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was applied to detect the expression of tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α) and interleukin-1β (IL-1β) in rat blood. Western blot was applied to detect the expression of p-AMPK, AMPK, SIRT1, NF-κB, LC3II, LC3I, and p62 proteins in the cortical tissue of TBI rats. Results: The mNSS score, autophagic vacuole count, apoptosis rate, TNF-α, IL-1β, NF-κB, and p62 in the TBI group were significantly higher than those of the Sham group, while the numbers of nissl bodies, p-AMPK/AMPK, SIRT1, and LC3II/I were significantly lower than those of the Sham group (P<0.05). The mNSS score, apoptosis rate, TNF-α, IL-1β, NF-κB, and p62 in the L-Sevo, M-Sevo, and H-Sevo groups were significantly lower than those of the Sham group, while the number of nissl bodies and autophagic vacuoles, p-AMPK/AMPK, SIRT1, and LC3II/I were significantly higher than those of the TBI group (P<0.05). The mNSS score, apoptosis rate, TNF-α, IL-1β, NF-κB, and p62 in the Sevo+Compound C group were significantly higher than those in the H-Sevo group, while the number of nissl bodies and autophagic vacuoles, p-AMPK/AMPK, SIRT1, and LC3II/I were significantly lower than those of the H-Sevo group (P<0.05). Conclusion: Sevoflurane may regulate cellular autophagy and exert neuroprotective effects in TBI rats by modulating the AMPK-SIRT1-NF-κB pathway.

Objective: To investigate the effects of electroacupuncture (EA) on endometriosis (EMS) in rats and its influence on the PI3K/Akt/NF-κB pathway. Methods: An EMS rat model was established and randomly divided into a sham surgery group (n=20), a model group (n=20), and an electroacupuncture group (n=20). After 28 days of treatment, the volume of ectopic endometrium was analyzed, and hematoxylin-eosin (H&E) staining was used to assess pathological morphological changes in the endometrium. Western blot and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) were employed to evaluate protein expression and cytokine levels in the PI3K/Akt/NF-κB pathway. Results: Compared with the sham surgery group, the mass and volume of ectopic endometrium in the model group were significantly increased (P<0.05). In contrast, the electroacupuncture group showed a significant reduction in the mass and volume of ectopic endometrium compared to the model group (P<0.05). Histomorphologically, electroacupuncture treatment significantly alleviated endometrial gland hyperplasia, vacuolization, inflammatory cell infiltration, increased gland-to-stroma ratio, and stromal thickening. Furthermore, compared to the sham surgery group, the levels of TNF-α and IL-6 in the serum and peritoneal fluid of the model group were significantly elevated (P<0.05), while electroacupuncture treatment reduced the levels of TNF-α and IL-6 (P<0.05). Additionally, the expression of p-PI3K, p-AKT, and p-p65 proteins was significantly increased in the model group compared to the sham surgery group, whereas electroacupuncture treatment significantly decreased the expression of these proteins compared to the model group. Conclusion: Electroacupuncture prevents the occurrence of EMS in rats by inhibiting the activity of the PI3K/Akt and NF-κB pathways.

Objective: To investigate the therapeutic effects of Dangui Quyu Pill combined with acupuncture on mice with adenomyosis (AM) through the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway. Methods: An AM mouse model was established using allogeneic pituitary transplantation. Fifty female ICR mice were randomly divided into five groups: control group (normal mice), model group (induced by allogeneic pituitary transplantation), acupuncture group (acupuncture stimulation at the Sanyinjiao point), Dangui Quyu Pill group (3.25g/kg Dangui Quyu Pill administered via gastric gavage), and combined group (3.25g/kg Dangui Quyu Pill administered via gastric gavage + acupuncture stimulation at the Sanyinjiao point), with 10 mice in each group. The hot plate pain threshold test was conducted at the end of modeling and treatment to observe behavioral changes. The frequency and amplitude of uterine contractions were measured in vitro. Histopathological analysis of uterine tissues was performed using H&E staining, and pathological scores were assigned. The expression levels of TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6 in uterine tissues were detected using ELISA kits. The protein expression levels of Wnt3a, p-GSK-3β, and p-β-catenin in the Wnt/β-catenin pathway were measured using Western Blot. Results: Compared with the control group, the model group exhibited blurred endometrial and myometrial glandular structures, significant inflammatory infiltration, decreased hot plate pain threshold, and reduced levels of p-GSK-3β and p-β-catenin (P<0.05). Conversely, uterine contraction frequency and amplitude, endometrial tissue infiltration scores, and the levels of TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, and Wnt3a were significantly increased (P<0.05). Compared with the model group, the acupuncture group and Dangui Quyu Pill group showed clearer boundaries between the endometrium and myometrium, reduced endometrial glandular infiltration, increased hot plate pain threshold, and elevated levels of p-GSK-3β and p-β-catenin (P<0.05). Additionally, uterine contraction frequency and amplitude, endometrial tissue infiltration scores, and the levels of TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, and Wnt3a were significantly decreased (P<0.05). Compared with the acupuncture group and Dangui Quyu Pill group, the combined group demonstrated further increases in the hot plate pain threshold and levels of p-GSK-3β and p-β-catenin (P<0.05), as well as further reductions in uterine contraction frequency and amplitude, endometrial tissue infiltration scores, and the levels of TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, and Wnt3a (P<0.05). Conclusion: The combination of Dangui Quyu Pill and acupuncture exhibits superior therapeutic effects on AM mice compared to either treatment alone. The underlying mechanism may involve the inhibition of the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway, thereby exerting anti-inflammatory and analgesic effects.

Objective: To investigate the effects of Yishentongluo formula on renal function in rats with nephrotic syndrome by regulating the CAMKK2/AMPK/mTOR signaling pathway. Methods: Forty SPF-grade SD rats were selected, with 10 rats serving as the control group. The remaining 30 rats were used to establish a nephrotic syndrome model, and 24 rats were successfully modeled. These were divided into three groups: model group (n=8), drug control group (n=8, treated with 6.45 mg/kg prednisone acetate), and Yishentongluo formula group (n=8, treated with 26.44 g/kg Yishentongluo formula). The control and model groups received normal saline by gavage. All treatments were administered for 4 weeks. After euthanasia, thyroid function was assessed using HE staining and radioimmunoassay, renal function was measured by biuret colorimetry, serum inflammatory factors and bone metabolism markers were detected by ELISA, and CAMKK2/AMPK/mTOR pathway mRNA and protein expression were analyzed by RT-PCR and Western blot, respectively. Results: Compared to the control group, the model group exhibited decreased levels of T3, T4, IL-10, PINP, PTH, β-CTX, and reduced CAMKK2 and AMPK mRNA and protein expression, while TSH, urea nitrogen, creatinine, urinary protein, IL-1β, TNF-α levels, and mTOR mRNA and protein expression were increased (P<0.05). Compared to the model group, the drug control group showed increased levels of T3, T4, IL-10, PINP, PTH, β-CTX, and elevated CAMKK2 and AMPK mRNA and protein expression, while TSH, urea nitrogen, creatinine, urinary protein, IL-1β, TNF-α levels, and mTOR mRNA and protein expression were decreased (P<0.05). Compared to the drug control group, the Yishentongluo formula group demonstrated further increases in T3, T4, IL-10, PINP, PTH, β-CTX levels, and CAMKK2 and AMPK mRNA and protein expression, with further reductions in TSH, urea nitrogen, creatinine, urinary protein, IL-1β, TNF-α levels, and mTOR mRNA and protein expression (P<0.05). Conclusion: Yishentongluo formula improves renal function, thyroid function, and suppresses inflammatory factor expression in rats with nephrotic syndrome, potentially through modulation of the CAMKK2/AMPK/mTOR signaling pathway. This formula demonstrates significant therapeutic efficacy.

Objective: To investigate the effects of sinensetin (SIN) on cartilage injury in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) rats via regulating cyclic guanosine monophosphate-adenosine monophosphate synthase (cGAS) /stimulator of interferon gene (STING) signaling pathway. Methods: A RA rat model was constructed, and successfully modeled rats were randomly separated into a model group (RA group), low and high dose SIN treatment groups (SIN-L, SIN-H groups), and high dose SIN treatment+cGAS/STING signaling pathway activator DMXAA group (SIN-H+DMXAA group), with 12 rats in each group. Additionally, 12 healthy normal rats were selected as the Control group. After 14 days of treatment, the arthritis index (AI) score was performed. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was applied to detect serum levels of inflammatory factors. Hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining was applied to detect the pathological morphology of joint tissues. The terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL) staining was applied to detect chondrocyte apoptosis. Immunohistochemistry was applied to detect the expression of cartilage injury related proteins. Western blot was applied to detect the expression of cGAS/STING signaling pathway and apoptosis related proteins in joint tissues. Results: Compared with the Control group, the RA group showed damage to cartilage and bones, uneven surface of articular cartilage, sparse and disordered arrangement of chondrocytes, thickening of synovium, with obvious proliferation of fibrous tissue, and significantly elevated AI score, interleukin 6 (IL-6), IL-17 levels, apoptosis rate, Bax, C-caspase3, matrix metalloproteinase-1 (MMP-1), MMP-3, cGAS, and p-STING/STING expressions (P<0.05). Compared with RA group, the SIN-L and SIN-H groups presented reduced cartilage surface erosion, with more orderly arrangement of chondrocytes and reduced synovial hyperplasia and joint degeneration, and significantly reduced AI score, IL-6, IL-17 levels, apoptosis rate, Bax, C-caspase3, MMP-1, MMP-3, cGAS, and p-STING/STING expression, in a dose-dependent manner (P<0.05). Compared with the SIN-H group, the SIN-H+DMXAA group had more severe pathological damage to cartilage tissue and synovium, and significantly increased AI score, IL-6, IL-17 levels, apoptosis rate, Bax, C-caspase3, MMP-1, MMP-3, cGAS, and p-STING/STING expression (P<0.05). Conclusion: SIN can alleviate cartilage damage in RA rats via the inhibition of the cGAS-STING signaling pathway.

Objective: To investigate and analyze the relative expression and clinical significance of long non coding RNA metastasis associated lung adenocarcinoma transcript 1 (LncRNA MALAT1) and microribonucleic acid (miR)-143-3p in thyroid cancer tissue. Methods: From September 2019 to February 2021, 102 patients with thyroid cancer admitted to our hospital were recruited. They were grouped into the survival group (n=71) and death group (n=31) based on their follow-up results. Real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) was applied to detect the relative expression levels of LncRNA MALAT1 and miR-143-3p in tissues. General clinical data and clinical pathological features were collected and analyzed. Pearson method was used to analyze the correlation between LncRNA MALAT1 and miR-143-3p. STARbase was employed to predict the targeting relationship between LncRNA MALAT1 and miR-143-3p. COX was performed to analyze the influencing factors of prognosis. K-M curve was plotted to analyze the relationship between LncRNA MALAT1, miR-143-3p and survival. Results: Compared with those of adjacent tissues, the relative expression level of LncRNA MALAT1 was significantly increased (P<0.05) and the relative expression level of miR-143-3p was significantly reduced in cancer tissues (P<0.05). The expression of LncRNA MALAT1 and miR-143-3p was related to tumor diameter, tumor-node-metastasis (TNM) stage, differentiation degree, and lymph node metastasis (P<0.05). There was a negative correlation between LncRNA MALAT1 and miR-143-3p (r=-0.408, P<0.05), and there was a targeting relationship between LncRNA MALAT1 and miR-143-3p. The differences were statistically significant in TNM staging, differentiation degree, lymph node metastasis, LncRNA MALAT1, and miR-143-3p expression between groups (P<0.05). Lymph node metastasis and increased expression of LncRNA MALAT1 were risk factors affecting patient prognosis (P<0.05), while miR-143-3p was a protective factor (P<0.05). The survival rate of patients with low expression of LncRNA MALAT1 was significantly higher than that of patients with high expression (80.85% [38/47] vs 60.00% [33/55] , χ²=6.597, P=0.010). The survival rate of patients with high expression of miR-143-3p was significantly higher than that of patients with low expression (81.63% [40/49] vs 58.49% [31/53], χ²=8.509, P=0.004). Conclusion: In thyroid cancer tissue, the relative expression of LncRNA MALAT1 increases and the relative expression of miR-143-3p decreases, which is related to clinical pathological characteristics and has a certain impact on prognosis.

Objective: To investigate the relationship between expression of serum miR-9-5p and miR-576-5p with clinicopathological features and prognosis in patients with endometrial cancer. Methods: A total of 98 patients with endometrial cancer admitted to the department of obstetrics and gynecology of our hospital from January 2018 to January 2021 (endometrial cancer group) and 72 healthy women who underwent physical examination in the department of obstetrics and gynecology during the same period (control group) were recruited. Peripheral venous blood was collected, and the expressions of miR-9-5p and miR-576-5p in serum were detected by real-time fluorescent quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), and the differences in expressions of serum miR-9-5p and miR-576-5p of patients with different pathological characteristics were compared. The 3-year overall survival (OS) was measured by regular follow-up after discharge. Results: The expression of miR-9-5p in endometrial carcinoma group was significantly lower than that in control group (0.86±0.21 vs 2.55±0.93, t=-17.412, P<0.05), and the expression of miR-576-5p was significantly higher than that of control group (3.42±1.16 vs 1.57±0.45, t=12.833, P<0.05). Significantly lower serum miR-9-5p expression and higher miR-576-5p were detected in endometrial cancer patients with the International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics (FIGO) stages Ⅲ- Ⅳ, low differentiation, deep muscle infiltration, lymph node metastasis, and distant metastasis compared to those with FIGO stages Ⅰ~Ⅱ, medium-highly differentiation, shallow muscle infiltration, no lymph node metastasis, and no distant metastasis (all P<0.05). After 3 years of follow-up, 2 cases were lost to follow-up, 36 died and 60 survived. The 3-year OS rate of endometrial cancer patients with low expression of miR-9-5p was significantly lower than that of endometrial cancer patients with high expression of miR-9-5p (P<0.05); the 3-year OS rate of endometrial cancer patients with high expression of miR-576-5p was significantly lower than that of endometrial cancer patients with low expression of miR-576-5p (P<0.05). Lymph node metastasis, distant metastasis and high miR-576-5p were risk factors for death of endometrial cancer (HR [95%CI]: 1.921 [1.179~3.130], 2.050 [1.121~3.750], 1.683 [1.162~2.439], P＜0.05), and high expression of miR-9-5p was protective factor (HR [95%CI]: 0.670 [0.497~0.905], P＜0.05). Conclusion: The down-regulated miR-9-5p and up-regulated miR-576-5p are found in patients with endometrial carcinoma, which are related to malignant pathological features and poor prognosis.

Objective: To measure the expression level of DNA methyltransferase 1 (DNMT1) and the methylation level of trefoil factor 1 (TFF1) in lung adenocarcinoma,and to analyze their clinical significances. Methods: The methylation level of TFF1 in human lung adenocarcinoma tissues was detected by pyrosequencing.The mRNA levels of TFF1 and DNMT1 were detected by reverse transcription coupled to the quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR).Their protein levels were detected by immunohistochemical staining and Western blot.The correlation of the methylation level of TFF1 and expression level of DNMT1 with pathological characteristics of lung adenocarcinoma was explored. Results: The methylation rate of the TFF1 gene was significantly higher in the lung adenocarcinoma tissues compared with that of paracancerous tissues (P<0.05).PCR results showed that the mRNA level of TFF1 was significantly lower in the lung adenocarcinoma tissues,while that of DNMT1 was significantly higher than those of paracancerous tissues (P<0.05).Immunohistochemistry showed a significantly lower protein level of TFF1,but higher protein level of DNMT1 in the lung adenocarcinoma tissues than those of paracancerous tissues (P<0.05).Western blot results showed a significantly lower protein level of TFF1,but higher protein level of DNMT1 in the lung adenocarcinoma tissues than those of paracancerous tissues (P<0.05).TFF1 methylation level and DNMT1 expression were significantly correlated with the TNM staging and lymph node metastasis of lung adenocarcinoma (P<0.05).The statistical analysis showed that TFF1 methylation and DNMT1 protein expression were related in lung adenocarcinoma tissues, it was positive correlation (r=0.538, P<0.05). Conclusion: During the cancerous progression of lung adenocarcinoma,DNMT1 is closely linked with methylation of the TFF1 gene.High level of DNMT1 and high methylation level of TFF1 both promote the occurrence and development of lung adenocarcinoma.    

Objective: To explore the role of 1α,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 [1,25(OH)₂D₃] in the regulation of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) induced by transforming growth factor-β₁ (TGF-β₁) in endometrial cancer (EC). Methods: HEC-1B cells were cultured in vitro and treated with different concentrations (0, 25 nM, 50 nM, 100 nM, 200 nM, 500 nM) of 1,25(OH)₂D₃. Based on the results of the CCK-8 assay to assess cell viability, 100 nM 1,25(OH)₂D₃ was selected for subsequent experiments. The experimental groups were as follows: control group (Ctrl), TGF-β₁ group, 1,25(OH)₂D₃ group, TGF-β₁ + 1,25(OH)₂D₃ group, TGF-β₁ + TGF-β₁ inhibitor P144 diammonium group (TGF-β₁ + P144). Cell morphological changes were observed under an optical microscope, and Western blotting was used to detect the protein expression of E-cadherin, N-cadherin, Vimentin, and TGF-β₁. The migration ability of the cells was assessed by the scratch assay, and the invasion ability was assessed by the Transwell assay. Results: Compared with the Ctrl group, cells in the TGF-β₁ group changed from typical cobblestone-like morphology to spindle-shaped mesenchymal cell morphology, with significantly reduced cell-cell adhesion and a more dispersed arrangement. Meanwhile, E-cadherin expression was significantly reduced (P<0.05), and the expression of N-cadherin, Vimentin, and TGF-β₁, as well as migration distance and invasion cell count, were significantly increased (P<0.05). Compared with the Ctrl group, the 1,25(OH)₂D₃ group showed significantly higher E-cadherin expression (P<0.05), and significantly lower expression of N-cadherin, Vimentin, and TGF-β₁, as well as migration distance and invasion cell count (P<0.05). Compared with the TGF-β₁ group, both the TGF-β₁ + 1,25(OH)₂D₃ group and the TGF-β₁ + P144 group exhibited significantly higher E-cadherin expression (P<0.05), and significantly lower expression of N-cadherin, Vimentin, and TGF-β₁, as well as migration distance and invasion cell count (P<0.05). Conclusion: 1,25(OH)₂D₃ can inhibit the migration and invasion of HEC-1B cells by regulating TGF-β₁-induced EMT.    

Objective: To study the clinical value of serum carbohydrate antigen 153 (CA153), human mammaglobin (hMAM) and C-X-C motif ligand 8 (CXCL8) in the diagnosis of breast cancer (BC). Methods: Eighty patients with BC (BC group), 80 patients with benign breast tumor (BBT group), and 80 patients with healthy physical examination (control group) who visited our hospital from January 2022 to December 2023 were enrolled in the study. Fasting venous blood was collected from the patients of BC group and BBT group on the next day of admission, and the patients of the control group on the morning of physical examination. Serum was extracted, CA153, and hMAM and CXCL8 were respectively detected by electrochemiluminescence and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The serum levels of CA153, hMAM and CXCL8 of the patients in the three groups were counted. Pearson correlation was used to analyze the correlation between serum CA153, hMAM, CXCL8 levels and tumor-node-metastasis (TNM) stage in BC group. The efficacy of CA153, hMAM and CXCL8 in the diagnosis of BC was evaluated by receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve. Results: The serum CA153, hMAM and CXCL8 in BC group were significantly higher than those in BBT group and control group (P<0.05), and which in BBT group were significantly higher than those of the control group (P<0.05). The serum CA153, hMAM and CXCL8 in patients with stage I were significantly lower than those in patients with stages II, III, and which in patients with stage II were significantly lower than those of patients with stage III (P<0.05). The serum levels of CA153, hMAM and CXCL8 were positively correlated with TNM stage by Pearson correlation analysis (r=0.857, 1.137, 1.968, P<0.05). According to ROC curve analysis, the combined efficacy of serum CA153, hMAM and CXCL8 in the diagnosis of BC was significantly higher than that of the three alone. Conclusion: The levels of serum CA153, hMAM and CXCL8 in patients with BC are positively correlated with TNM stage, and the combination of serum CA153, hMAM and CXCL8 has high diagnostic value for BC.

Objective: To compare the influence of adjuvant therapy of 4D digital strabismus and amblyopia visual function correction system (4D-DSAAVFCS) on retinal microcirculation and retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) thickness in children with anisometropic amblyopia (AA). Methods: Totally 118 children with AA in the hospital from March 2022 to May 2024 were randomly divided into control group (n=59, conventional therapy) and treatment group (n=59, 4D-DSAAVFCS adjuvant therapy + conventional therapy). The clinical efficacy of the two groups was evaluated. The retinal microcirculation and RNFL thickness before and after treatment were compared between groups, and the rate of stereoscopic acuity converting to normal was evaluated in both groups before and after treatment. Results: The total effective rate in the treatment group was better than that of the control group (P<0.05). Compared with the control group, the blood flow density in superficial capillary plexus (SCP), deep capillary plexus (DCP), and optic blood flow density were significantly increased in the treatment group after treatment (P<0.05). The differences in RNFL thickness of various areas around the optic disc (OD) (nasal, upper and lower) in the treatment group were significantly increased after treatment compared to the control group (P<0.05). After treatment, the rate of stereoscopic acuity converting to normal in patients with abnormal stereoscopic acuity in the treatment group was significantly higher than that of the control group (P<0.05). Conclusion: The adjuvant therapy of 4D-DSAAVFCS has a better efficacy in the treatment of children with AA, and it can more effectively improve the retinal microcirculation, RNFL thickness and visual function of the children compared to conventional therapy.

Objective: To investigate the impact of transurethral holmium laser enucleation of the bladder tumor (HOLRBT) on postoperative urinary function recovery, quality of life, and prognosis in patients with non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC). Methods: A total of 105 patients who underwent bladder cancer surgery at our hospital from February 2020 to May 2023 were enrolled. Based on the surgical approach, patients were divided into a control group (n=50, transurethral resection of bladder tumor [TURBT]) and an observation group (n=55, HOLRBT). Perioperative indicators, clinical efficacy, postoperative bladder muscle layer acquisition rate, postoperative intravesical drug use, complications (bladder obturator reflex rate, bladder perforation rate), and quality of life were compared between the two groups. Patients were followed up for 1 year to record recurrence and survival rates. Results: Compared to the control group, the observation group had shorter surgical duration, bladder irrigation time, and catheter indwelling time, as well as reduced intraoperative blood loss (all P<0.05). The clinical efficacy rate in the observation group was 89.09%, significantly higher than the 72.00% in the control group (P<0.05). The observation group also showed lower postoperative bladder muscle layer acquisition rates and reduced intravesical drug use (both P<0.05). The bladder obturator reflex rate (9.09% vs 26.00%) and bladder perforation rate (3.64% vs 18.00%) were significantly lower in the observation group (all P<0.05). Quality of life scores (SF-36) were higher in the observation group (P<0.05). At 1-year follow-up, the recurrence rate in the observation group was 12.73% (7/55), significantly lower than the 30.00% (15/50) in the control group (χ²=4.718, P=0.030). Kaplan-Meier survival analysis indicated a higher 1-year cumulative survival rate in the observation group (87.30% vs 74.00%, Log-rank χ²=4.318, P=0.038). Conclusion: HOLRBT demonstrates significant prognostic value in NMIBC patients, effectively improving postoperative urinary function, enhancing quality of life, and reducing complications. It holds promising clinical application prospects.

Objective: To evaluate the efficacy of colposcopic cervical biopsy in diagnosing cervical precancerous lesions and to identify risk factors for missed diagnosis of cervical cancer (CC). Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted on 119 patients diagnosed with cervical precancerous lesions by colposcopic cervical biopsy at our hospital from April 2020 to April 2023. The pathological results of loop electrosurgical excision procedure (LEEP) were used as the gold standard. Kappa consistency testing was performed to assess the diagnostic accuracy of colposcopic cervical biopsy. The rate of missed CC diagnoses was calculated, and risk factors for missed diagnosis were analyzed. Results: The kappa value between colposcopic cervical biopsy and pathological examination was 0.439, indicating moderate agreement with the gold standard. Among the 119 patients, 18 cases of CC were missed, resulting in a missed diagnosis rate of 15.13%. Univariate analysis showed that patients aged ≥55 years, with cervical lesion area <1/2, no cervical curettage, unsatisfactory colposcopy images, and a single biopsy specimen had significantly higher missed diagnosis rates compared to those aged <55 years, with cervical lesion area ≥1/2, cervical curettage, satisfactory colposcopy images, and ≥2 biopsy specimens (P<0.05). Logistic regression analysis identified age ≥55 years (OR=1.547, 95%CI: 1.180~2.027), cervical lesion area <1/2 (OR=1.451, 95%CI: 1.133~1.857), no cervical curettage (OR=1.988, 95%CI: 1.304~3.030), unsatisfactory colposcopy images (OR=2.782, 95%CI: 1.793~4.315), and a single biopsy specimen (OR=1.093, 95%CI: 1.015~1.178) as significant risk factors for missed CC diagnosis. Conclusion: Colposcopic cervical biopsy demonstrates moderate accuracy in diagnosing cervical precancerous lesions but carries a notable risk of missed CC diagnosis. Risk factors include advanced age, smaller lesion area, lack of cervical curettage, poor colposcopy image quality, and insufficient biopsy specimens. Clinicians should prioritize elderly patients, improve imaging quality, and perform multi-point biopsies to reduce the risk of missed CC diagnoses.

Objective: To investigate the clinical efficacy of different treatment regimens for acute heart failure (AHF) after acute myocardial infarction (AMI) with refractory hyponatremia. Methods: A total of 102 patients with AHF and refractory hyponatremia after AMI admitted between September 2021 and June 2024 were randomly divided into two groups, with 51 patients in each group. Both groups received conventional treatment. The control group was treated with tolvaptan, while the observation group received sacubitril/valsartan (ARNI) combined with tolvaptan. Treatment was continued for 2 weeks. Cardiac function [left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), left ventricular end-diastolic diameter (LVEDD)], renal function [urine volume, serum creatinine, urinary neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL)], serum inflammatory factors [interleukin-6 (IL-6), galectin-3 (Gal-3), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α)], and serum biomarkers [N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP), soluble growth stimulation expressed gene 2 (sST2), heart-type fatty acid-binding protein (H-FABP)] were compared between the two groups before treatment, after 1 week, and after 2 weeks of treatment. Clinical efficacy and the incidence of adverse reactions (gastrointestinal discomfort, hypotension, headache, etc.) were also evaluated. Results: The total effective rate in the observation group (96.08%) was significantly higher than that in the control group (82.35%) (P<0.05). After 1 and 2 weeks of treatment, the observation group showed higher LVEF, lower LVEDD, increased urine volume, and reduced serum creatinine and urinary NGAL levels compared to the control group (all P<0.05). The levels of IL-6, Gal-3, TNF-α, NT-proBNP, sST2, and H-FABP in the observation group were significantly lower than those in the control group (all P<0.05). The total incidence of adverse reactions in the observation group (3.92%) was not significantly different from that in the control group (7.84%) (P>0.05). Conclusion: Compared with tolvaptan alone, the combination of ARNI and tolvaptan significantly improves clinical efficacy, enhances cardiac and renal function, reduces serum inflammatory factors and biomarkers, and demonstrates good safety in treating AHF after AMI with refractory hyponatremia.

Objective: To investigate the relationship and clinical significance of serum signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) and bilirubin/albumin ratio with the severity of neonatal jaundice. Methods: A total of 320 neonatal jaundice patients treated at our hospital from September 2023 to April 2024 were enrolled as the observation group, including 184 cases of physiological jaundice and 136 cases of pathological jaundice. Based on serum total bilirubin levels, the patients were further divided into mild (96 cases), moderate (164 cases), and severe (60 cases) groups. Additionally, 320 healthy newborns undergoing physical examinations during the same period were selected as the control group. Serum STAT3 levels were measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), while total bilirubin and albumin levels were detected using a fully automated biochemical analyzer to calculate the bilirubin/albumin ratio. Spearman correlation analysis was used to assess the relationship between serum STAT3 levels, bilirubin/albumin ratio, and disease severity. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was performed to identify factors influencing disease severity. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were plotted to evaluate the predictive value of serum STAT3 levels and bilirubin/albumin ratio for therapeutic efficacy in neonatal jaundice. Results: Levels of alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), and gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase (GGT) in the observation group were significantly higher than those in the control group (P<0.05). Serum STAT3 levels and bilirubin/albumin ratio were significantly higher in pathological jaundice compared to physiological jaundice (P<0.05). These levels were also significantly elevated in mild, moderate, and severe jaundice groups compared to the control group (P<0.05). Spearman correlation analysis revealed a positive correlation between serum STAT3 levels, bilirubin/albumin ratio, and disease severity (P<0.05). Neonatal jaundice patients with poor therapeutic outcomes exhibited significantly higher serum STAT3 levels and bilirubin/albumin ratio before treatment and at 1, 3, 5, and 7 days post-treatment compared to those with good outcomes (P<0.05). ROC curve analysis demonstrated that the combined prediction of serum STAT3 levels and bilirubin/albumin ratio had a significantly larger area under the curve (AUC) for predicting therapeutic efficacy compared to STAT3 alone (Z=4.700, P<0.001) or bilirubin/albumin ratio alone (Z=4.324, P<0.001). Conclusion: Serum STAT3 levels and bilirubin/albumin ratio are significantly elevated in neonatal jaundice patients and are closely associated with disease severity and therapeutic efficacy.

Objective: To discuss the correlation between peripheral blood PD-1, Th1/Th2, Th17/Treg and atopic dermatitis (AD). Methods: A total of 90 AD patients admitted to our hospital from Jun 2022 to Feb 2024 were selected as the study subjects, and divided into the moderate group (SCORAD severity index score 25-50, 51 cases) and the severe group (SCORAD score>50, 39 cases) based on the severity of the AD condition. Additionally, 50 non-AD patients admitted to our hospital during the same period were selected as the control group. Recorded and analyzed the eczema area and severity index (EASI) score, SCORAD, patient self-evaluation (POEM) and itching score of AD patients, as well as peripheral blood PD-1, Th1/Th2, Th17/Treg values. Spearman rank correlation analysis was used to explore the correlation between the two variables, and ROC curve was used to evaluate the effectiveness of PD-1, Th1/Th2 and Th17/Treg in predicting the severity of AD. Results: The scores of EASI (13.94±3.35), SCORAD (57.02±6.78), POEM (24.11±3.12) and pruritus severity score (8.98±1.03) of the severe group were higher than the moderate group (t-values were 6.444,7.638,9.133,8.873 respectively, P<0.05). The PD-1 (285.63±34.78) pg/ml, Th17 (9.65±1.97)%, Treg (2.71±1.04)% and Th17/Treg (3.62±0.69) of the severe group were higher than the moderate group, while Th1 (7.89±0.79)%, Th2 (2.34±0.45)%, and Th1/Th2 (3.21±0.57) were lower than the moderate group (P<0.05). The results of multiple logistic regression analysis showed that EASI score, SCORAD score, POEM score, itch severity score, PD-1, Th1/Th2, and Th17/Treg were independent risk factors for the severity of AD patients (all P<0.05). The PD-1 and Th17/Treg were positively correlated with EASI, SCORAD, POEM and itching severity scores (P<0.05); while the Th1/Th2 was negatively correlated with EASI, SCORAD, POEM and itching severity scores (P<0.05). The AUC value of PD-1+Th1/Th2+Th17/Treg combined prediction for the severity of AD was 0.979, with the sensitivity 94.87% and the specificity of 96.08%, which indicating that PD-1+Th1/Th2+Th17/Treg combined prediction had a higher efficiency in predicting the severity of AD. Conclusion: Peripheral blood PD-1, Th17/Treg levels were significantly increased and Th17/Treg levels were significantly decreased in AD patients, while peripheral blood PD-1, Th17/Treg levels were significantly increased and decreased in severe AD patients. PD-1, Th1/Th2 and Th17/Treg levels were closely related to the severity of AD. The combined detection of PD-1+Th1/Th2+Th17/Treg can improve the evaluation of AD severity.

Objective: To analyze the risk factors of encephalopathy of prematurity (EOP) in preterm infants with Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia (BPD) and establish a prediction model. Methods: A total of 153 premature infants with BPD admitted to our hospital from July 2015 to July 2021 were retrospectively analyzed and divided into EOP group (47 cases) and non-EOP group (106 cases). General data and maternal data of the two groups were compared. A logistic regression prediction model was constructed and validated. The predictive performance of the logistic regression model was evaluated by drawing the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve and calculating the area under the curve (AUC). Results: The incidence of sepsis, maternal gestational hypertension, Apgar score ≤ 3 at 5 minutes and moderate to severe BPD in EOP group was higher than that in non-EOP group , and the cesarean section rate was lower than that in non-EOP group, and the differences were statistically significant (P<0.05). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that sepsis, gestational hypertension and Apgar score ≤ 3 at 5 minutes were independent risk factors for EOP, and cesarean section was a protective factor. The C-index of the EOP nomogram model is 0.915 (95% Cl: 0.861, 0.936), and the area under ROC curve (AUC) is 0.765 (95%CI: 0.683, 0.847). The calibration curve shows that the predicted probability of EOP occurrence by the nomogram model is consistent with the actual probability, and the Hosmer Lemeshow test reveals no statistically significant difference (χ²=2.494, P=0.777), indicating a good fit. Conclusion: Avoiding infections, preventing gestational hypertension during pregnancy, improving Apgar scores, and opting for cesarean delivery are important methods for preventing early-onset pneumonia (EOP) in preterm infants with bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD). Establishing a nomogram prediction model based on the aforementioned variables can effectively assess the risk level of EOP in patients.

Objective: To analyze the correlation between levels of serum cardiac troponin I (cTnI) and N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide (NT-pro-BNP) and occurrence of heart failure with preserved left ventricular ejection fraction (HFpEF) in elderly patients with acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (AECOPD). Methods: Totally 191 AECOPD patients in the hospital from July 2020 to July 2024 were enrolled. According to the presence or absence of HFpEF, they were divided into the heart failure (HF) group (n=103) and simple COPD group (n=88). Serum cTnI and NT-pro-BNP levels were measured in all subjects after admission. Receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) was plotted to analyze the predictive value of serum cTnI and NT-pro-BNP levels for the occurrence of HFpEF in elderly patients with AECOPD. Results: Compared with the simple COPD group, the levels of serum cTnI and NT-pro-BNP in the HF group were significantly increased (P<0.05). ROC curve indicated that the area under the curve (AUC) of combination of cTnI and NT-pro-BNP in predicting HFpEF was 0.930, with a sensitivity of 81.55% and a specificity of 94.32%. The AUC of cTnI and NT-pro-BNP was 0.685 and 0.650, and the sensitivities were 45.63% and 69.90%, and the specificities were 84.09% and 63.64% respectively. The efficiency of combined prediction was better than that of each indicator alone (P<0.05). Conclusion: The levels of serum cTnI and NT-pro-BNP in elderly patients with AECOPD are closely related to the occurrence of HFpEF. Early determination of cTnI and NT-pro-BNP can provide a certain predictive value for the occurrence of HFpEF in elderly patients with AECOPD, aiming to guide clinical positive prevention and treatment measures.

Objective: To analyze the relationship between arteriosclerosis indicators, plasma alarin, insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) with frailty in elderly patients with coronary heart disease (CHD). Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted on the data of 102 elderly patients with CHD in the hospital from May 2020 to May 2024. All patients underwent artery ultrasound examination and testing of plasma alarin and IGF-1. According to the Fried Frailty score, the subjects were divided into frailty group and non-frailty group. Baseline date, arteriosclerosis indicators, plasma alarin and IGF-1 were compared between the two groups. The correlation between arteriosclerosis indicators, plasma alarin, IGF-1 with frailty was analyzed. Results: According to the Fried Frailty score, 42 (40.78%) patients with scores of 3 or above were included in the frailty group, and 60 (58.82%) patients with scores below 3 in the non-frailty group. Intima-media thickness (IMT), cardio-ankle index, and plasma alarin levels in the frailty group were significantly higher than those of the non-frailty group, while IGF-1 levels were significantly lower (P<0.05). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that IMT (OR=1.134, 95%CI: 1.020~1.261), cardio-ankle index (OR=1.522, 95%CI: 1.078~2.149), plasma alarin (OR=1.065, 95%CI: 1.008-1.125), and IGF-1 (OR=0.599, 95%CI: 0.394~0.912) were influencing factors of frailty in elderly patients with CHD (P<0.05). Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves indicated that the area under the curve (AUC) of IMT, cardio-ankle index, plasma alarin, and IGF-1 for predicting frailty in elderly patients with coronary heart disease was 0.746 (0.650-0.827), 0.723 (0.626-0.807), 0.674 (0.574-0.763), and 0.739 (0.643-0.821), respectively. The AUC of the combination of above indicators was 0.857 (0.774-0.919), which was significantly higher than that of each indicator (Z=2.518, 2.675, 3.238, 2.530, P<0.05). Conclusion: Arteriosclerosis indicators, plasma alarin, and IGF-1 are elevated in elderly patients with CHD and frailty. Besides, arteriosclerosis indicators and plasma alarin are positively correlated with frailty, and IGF-1 expression was negatively correlated with frailty. These indicators can be used for evaluating frailty in elderly patients with CHD.

Objective: To analyze the relationship between serum levels of interleukin-1β (IL-1β), cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), and nitric oxide (NO) and postoperative remission in patients with patent foramen ovale (PFO)-related migraine. Methods: A total of 105 patients with PFO-related migraine who underwent interventional occlusion at our hospital from May 2020 to May 2023 were included in the study. Serum levels of IL-1β, COX-2, and NO were measured 3 days after surgery. Patients were followed up for 1 month postoperatively and divided into a remission group (n=65) and a non-remission group (n=40) based on symptom relief. The predictive value of serum IL-1β, COX-2, and NO levels for postoperative remission was evaluated using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis. Results: Serum levels of IL-1β, COX-2, and NO were significantly higher in the non-remission group compared to the remission group (P<0.05). ROC curve analysis revealed that the combination of serum IL-1β, COX-2, and NO levels had an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.895, with a sensitivity of 85.00% and a specificity of 87.69% for predicting postoperative remission. The combined predictive efficiency was superior to that of each individual indicator (P<0.05). Conclusion: Serum levels of IL-1β, COX-2, and NO are closely associated with postoperative remission in patients with PFO-related migraine. Early postoperative measurement of these biomarkers may provide valuable predictive insights into patient outcomes.

Objective: To analyze the risk factors for poor prognosis in patients with Burkitt lymphoma (BL) and establish a predictive model. Methods: A total of 51 BL patients admitted to our hospital from February 2018 to January 2024 were enrolled and followed up regularly until August 2024. Clinical data were collected, and serum lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) levels were measured. Patients were divided into a survival group (n=43) and a death group (n=8) based on outcomes. Cox regression analysis was used to identify risk factors for poor prognosis, and Kaplan-Meier survival curves were plotted, with survival rates compared using the Log-rank test. Results: Among the 51 patients, 34 achieved complete remission (CR), 12 had partial remission (PR), 3 had stable disease (SD), and 2 had progressive disease (PD) after chemotherapy. The overall response rate (ORR) was 90.20%, and the disease control rate (DCR) was 96.08%. By August 2024, the median follow-up time was 30 months, with no loss to follow-up. Six patients experienced recurrence, and eight died. The 3-year overall survival (OS) rate and event-free survival (EFS) rate were 84.31% and 81.40%, respectively. Univariate Cox regression analysis showed that maxillofacial and central nervous system involvement, LDH >1000 U/L, chemotherapy alone, bone marrow tumor cell proportion >25%, involvement of >4 organ sites, St. Jude stage III+IV, early chemotherapy insensitivity, and visible tumor lesions at mid-term evaluation were associated with poor prognosis (P<0.05). Multivariate Cox regression identified maxillofacial and central nervous system involvement, LDH >1000 U/L, and bone marrow tumor cell proportion >25% as independent risk factors for poor prognosis (P<0.05). Conclusion: Maxillofacial and central nervous system involvement, LDH >1000 U/L, and bone marrow tumor cell proportion >25% are significant risk factors for poor prognosis in BL patients. Tailored treatment strategies targeting these factors may improve patient outcomes.

Objective: To explore the efficacy of intermittent theta burst stimulation (iTBS) combined with core muscle training in patients with post-stroke hemiplegia. Methods: A total of 79 patients with post-stroke hemiplegia treated at our hospital from February 2022 to February 2024 were retrospectively analyzed and divided into two groups based on treatment Methods the control group (n=41, routine treatment combined with core muscle training) and the combined group (n=38, iTBS added to the control group’s treatment). Both groups were treated for 2 weeks. Neurological function indicators [brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), neuron-specific enolase (NSE)], Berg Balance Scale (BBS) scores, motor ability (Fugl-Meyer scale), and stroke-specific quality of life (SS-QOL) scores were compared before and after treatment. Results: Before treatment, there were no significant differences in neurological function indicators, BBS scores, Fugl-Meyer scores, or SS-QOL scores between the two groups (P>0.05). After treatment, the combined group showed greater increases in BDNF levels, BBS scores, Fugl-Meyer scores, and SS-QOL scores, as well as a greater decrease in NSE levels compared to the control group (all P<0.05). Conclusion: The combination of iTBS and core muscle training demonstrates significant efficacy in patients with post-stroke hemiplegia, promoting neurological recovery, improving balance, enhancing motor ability, and significantly improving quality of life. This approach holds valuable clinical application potential.

Objective: To compare the clinical efficacy of the single-file system WaveOne Gold and ProTaper nickel-titanium rotary instruments in one-visit root canal therapy (RCT). Methods: A total of 150 patients who underwent one-visit RCT at our hospital from July 2021 to July 2023 were divided into two groups based on the root canal preparation instruments used: the study group (n=77, WaveOne Gold single-file system) and the control group (n=73, ProTaper nickel-titanium rotary instruments). The success rate of one-visit root canal preparation, root canal preparation time, root canal filling quality, postoperative pain at 24h and 48 h, and patient satisfaction were compared between the two groups. Results: The study group exhibited a higher success rate of one-visit root canal preparation and shorter root canal preparation time compared to the control group (P<0.05). The rate of optimal root canal filling was also higher in the study group (P<0.05). At 24h and 48 h postoperatively, the visual analog scale (VAS) scores in the study group were significantly lower than those in the control group (P<0.05). Additionally, patient satisfaction with root canal preparation, filling, and overall treatment was higher in the study group compared to the control group (P<0.05). Conclusion: Compared to ProTaper nickel-titanium rotary instruments, the WaveOne Gold single-file system demonstrates superior efficacy in one-visit RCT. It significantly improves the success rate of one-visit root canal preparation, enhances root canal filling quality, reduces preparation time, and alleviates postoperative pain.

Objective: To investigate the MRI and CT imaging findings of anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury in young soldiers and to analyze imaging-related influencing factors. Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted on 101 young soldiers with unilateral knee discomfort due to non-contact mechanisms treated at our hospital from May 2021 to April 2023. All patients underwent MRI, CT, and arthroscopy. Based on arthroscopy results, patients were divided into an ACL rupture group (n=68) and a normal ACL group (n=33). The diagnostic efficacy of MRI and CT for ACL injury was evaluated, and imaging findings were analyzed. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed to identify imaging-related influencing factors for ACL rupture. Results: Arthroscopy revealed 33 cases with normal ACL and 68 cases with ACL rupture (30 complete ruptures and 38 partial ruptures). CT imaging showed that partial ACL ruptures exhibited ligament thickening and blurred boundaries, while complete ruptures displayed ligament distortion and thickening. On MRI, partial ruptures showed localized signal enhancement in the coronal plane, while complete ruptures exhibited discontinuous and lumpy shadows with diffuse signal enhancement. In the sagittal plane, partial ruptures demonstrated overall thinning with localized thickening and maintained continuity, whereas complete ruptures appeared wavy with stump spasm and signal enhancement. Using arthroscopy as the gold standard, MRI and CT had sensitivities of 94.12% and 85.29%, specificities of 78.79% and 75.76%, and accuracies of 89.11% and 82.18%, respectively. Significant differences were observed in intercondylar fossa morphology, intercondylar fossa width, tibial intercondylar eminence width, and the ratio of tibial intercondylar eminence width to intercondylar fossa width between the ACL rupture and normal groups (P<0.05). Multivariate logistic regression identified type A intercondylar fossa morphology and a low ratio of tibial intercondylar eminence width to intercondylar fossa width as significant imaging-related influencing factors for ACL rupture (P<0.05). Conclusion: MRI and CT imaging findings for ACL injury in young soldiers differ, with MRI demonstrating slightly higher diagnostic efficacy. Type A intercondylar fossa morphology and a low ratio of tibial intercondylar eminence width to intercondylar fossa width are significant imaging-related influencing factors for ACL rupture in this population.

Objective: To investigate the influence of basic drugs combined with (or switched to) the injection of cefoperazone/sulbactam on the disease severity and prognosis of patients with extensively-drug-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae (XDR-KP) infections. Methods: The clinical data of patients with XDR-KP infection admitted from January 2021 to June 2024 were retrospectively selected. According to different medication regimens, they were assigned into basic antibacterial drugs (basic drug group, n=54) and basic drugs combined with (or switched to) the injection of cefoperazone/sulbactam (cefoperazone/sulbactam group, n=47). After about one week of treatment, the bacterial clearance, serum inflammatory indicators including platelet count (PLT), neutrophil ratio (NEUT) and white blood cell count (WBC), and infectious markers including serum amyloid A (SAA), procalcitonin (PCT) and C-reactive protein (CRP) were compared between groups. Treatment-emergent adverse events (TEAEs) and prognosis were recorded. Results: The improvement time of clinical symptoms in the cefoperazone/sulbactam group was significantly lower than that in the basic drug group (P<0.05). After about one week of treatment, the normal rate of inflammatory indicators and clearance rate of bacterial in the cefoperazone/sulbactam group were significantly higher than those in the basic drug group (P<0.05). After about one week of treatment, the levels of inflammatory indicators (PLT, NEUT and WBC) and infectious markers (SAA, PCT and CRP) in the both groups were significantly decreased (P<0.05), and the decrease in the cefoperazone/sulbactam group was more pronounced than that in the basic drug group (P<0.05). There was no statistical difference in the TEAEs between the cefoperazone/sulbactam group and the basic drug group (9.26% vs 7.41%, P>0.05). The clinical cure rate was significantly higher in the cefoperazone/sulbactam group than the basic drug group (70.21% vs 50.00%, P<0.05), and there were no statistical differences in 30d mortality and hospital stay between groups (P>0.05). Conclusion: The effects of basic drugs combined with (or switched to) the injection of cefoperazone/sulbactam are significant in the treatment of patients with XDR-KP infection, it can control infection, relieve inflammation, and improve the prognosis of patients, and it has few adverse reactions.

Objective: To compare the analgesic efficacy and rehabilitation quality of lidocaine aerosol combined with diclofenac potassium suppository versus lidocaine injection combined with diclofenac potassium suppository in pediatric circumcision. Methods: A total of 120 pediatric patients undergoing circumcision at our hospital from July 2020 to March 2024 were prospectively studied. Patients were divided into two groups: the aerosol group (n=60, lidocaine aerosol combined with diclofenac potassium suppository) and the injection group (n=60, lidocaine injection combined with diclofenac potassium suppository). Age, BMI, postoperative pain recovery time, and surgical duration were compared. Anesthesia onset time, FLACC (Face, Legs, Activity, Cry, Consolability) scores, VAS (Visual Analog Scale) scores, postoperative complications (bleeding, edema, infection), hospitalization time, and first urination time were evaluated. Results: There were no significant differences in age, BMI, postoperative pain recovery time, or surgical duration between the two groups (P>0.05). The aerosol group had a shorter anesthesia onset time compared to the injection group (t=-11.539, P<0.001). Repeated measures ANOVA revealed significant differences in FLACC scores between anesthesia methods, time points, and their interaction (P<0.05). The aerosol group had significantly lower FLACC scores at all time points (P<0.001), with pain increasing over time (P<0.05). The aerosol group also had fewer postoperative complications (bleeding, edema, infection) than the injection group (χ²=7.063, P<0.05). VAS scores showed significant differences between anesthesia methods, time points, and their interaction (P<0.05), with the aerosol group having lower VAS scores at all postoperative time points (P<0.001) and a continuous decline in scores (P<0.05). Additionally, the aerosol group had shorter hospitalization and first urination times compared to the injection group (P<0.001). Conclusion: Compared to lidocaine injection combined with diclofenac potassium suppository, lidocaine aerosol combined with diclofenac potassium suppository provides superior analgesia, better sedation, fewer postoperative complications, and shorter hospitalization and first urination times in pediatric circumcision.

Objective: To explore the application of nalbuphine combined with suprainguinal fascia iliaca block (SIFIB) in anesthesia of patients undergoing total hip arthroplasty (THA). Methods: A retrospective analysis was cnducted on 96 hip fracture patients admitted from August 2021 to December 2023. According to different anesthesia methods, all patients were divided into SIFIB group (n=48) and nalbuphine group (n=48). The hemodynamics, perioperative indicators, pain interference in resting state and dynamic state, sedation and adverse reactions of anesthetic drugs were compared between groups. Results: Heart rate (HR) and median arterial pressure (MAP) in the both groups showed upward trends and then downward trends, and HR and MAP at T1-T3 in nalbuphine group were significantly lower than those of SIFIB group (P<0.05). The duration of analgesia in nalbuphine group was significantly longer than that in SIFIB group (P<0.05), and the frequency of pain interference in nocturnal sleep was significantly less (P<0.05). Visual analogue scale (VAS) scores in the both groups were significantly decreased, VAS scores at different time points were significantly decreased in nalbuphine group than SIFIB group (P<0.05). There was no significant difference in the Ramsay score at intergroup comparison, time point comparison, and group×time interaction between groups (P>0.05). No significant difference was found in the incidence of adverse drug reaction between groups (P>0.05). Conclusion: Nalbuphine combined with SIFIB can improve the anesthesia quality in THA patients. It has good analgesic and sedative effects and is safe and effective, with a worthy of application.

Objective: To investigate the efficacy of ultrasound-guided continuous fascia iliaca compartment block (UCFICB) combined with remimazolam besylate in elderly patients with hip fractures and its impact on postoperative cognitive function and hemodynamic stability. Methods: Ninety elderly patients with hip fractures admitted to our hospital were randomly divided into a reference group and a study group. The reference group received UCFICB alone, while the study group received UCFICB combined with remimazolam besylate. Perioperative indicators, pain levels, hemodynamic parameters, cognitive function, anesthesia satisfaction, and adverse reactions were compared between the two groups. Results: The study group exhibited significantly shorter extubation time and anesthesia recovery time compared to the reference group (P<0.05). At 6 h and 24h postoperatively, the study group had significantly lower visual analog scale (VAS) scores and smaller fluctuations in heart rate (HR) and mean arterial pressure (MAP) than the reference group (P<0.05). Postoperative Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) scores and anesthesia satisfaction were significantly higher in the study group compared to the reference group (P<0.05). There was no significant difference in the incidence of adverse reactions such as dizziness and drowsiness between the two groups (P>0.05). Conclusion: The combination of UCFICB and remimazolam besylate in elderly patients with hip fractures provides superior analgesic effects, promotes faster recovery of postoperative cognitive function, and demonstrates significant clinical value.