Objective: To investigate the role of C/D box small nucleolar RNA 104 (SNORD104) in occurrence and progress of endometrial cancer (EC) and its possible mechanisms. Methods: The expression of SNORD104 in human EC tissues and normal endometrial tissues were analyzed in TCGA database. From January 2021 to December 2022, the endometrial tissues were collected from 118 patients who were diagnosed with EC and underwent surgical curettage at the Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University and 31 patients with simple endometrial hyperplasia. In additionally, the normal endometrial epithelial cells (ESC) and EC cells (Ishikawa, RL95-2, KLE, and HEC-1B) were selected as target cells. Reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) was performed to detect SNORD104 expression in human EC cells and normal endometrial tissues. The fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) was used to detect SNORD104 subcellular localization. Ishikawa cells were randomly divided into OE (overexpression)-NC, OE-SNORD104, OE-SNORD104+si (small interfering RNA)-NC, OE-SNORD104+si-PIK3CA, and OE-SNORD104+si-FBL groups, and HEC-1B was randomly divided into antisense oligonucleotide (ASO)-NC group and ASO-SNORD104 group. qRT-PCR were performed to the detected the expression of SNORD104 and PIK3CA, EdU staining, scratch assays, Transwell assays and flow cytometry were employed to detect the cell proliferation, migration, invasion and apoptosis. RTL-P assay and actinomycin D assay were conducted to detect 2'-O-methylation level and RNA stability. RNA Immunoprecipitation (RIP) was applied to detect the binding relationship between FBL and SNORD104with PIK3CA, and Western blot was used to assess the proteins expression of PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway. Results: The results of TCGA database and qRT-PCR showed that the expression level of SNORD104 was significantly increased in EC tissues and cells compared with those of normal human endometrial tissues and cells, which was correlated with FIGO stage and lymph node metastasis in EC patients. Compared with those of the OE-NC group, EdU-positive rate, migration index and number of invasive cells were significantly decreased, but apoptosis rate was significantly increased in the OE-SNORD104 group (P<0.05). Compared with those of the ASO-NC group, EdU-positive rate, cell migration index and number of invasive cells were significantly decreased, but cell apoptosis rate was significantly increased in ASO-SNORD104 group (P<0.05). BLAST sequence comparison showed the possible presence of SNORD104 binding sites in the mRNA of PIK3CA. Kaplan-Meier Plotter survival analysis showed that high expression of PIK3CA in EC was positively correlated with patient survival. In the result for RIP experiments, compared with IgG antibody-treated Ishikawa cells, FBL in both PIK3CA and SNORD104 enrichment were significantly elevated in antibody-treated cells (P<0.05). RTL-P experiments revealed when concentration of NTPs was low, PIK3CA expression was significantly reduced in the OE-SNORD104 group compared to the OE-NC group (P<0.05). The expression of PIK3CA mRNA and p110α, p-AKT and mTOR proteins were significantly decreased in the ASO-SNORD104 group than in ASO-NC group, but which were significantly elevated in the OE-SNORD104 group than in the OE-NC group. The mRNA expression of PIK3CA was significantly decreased in the OE-SNORD104+si-FBL group than in the si-NC group (P<0.05). Significantly reduced EdU-positive cell rate, cell migration index and invasive cell number, and increased apoptosis rate in the OE-SNORD104+si-NC group and OE-SNORD104+si-FBL group compared with the OE-SNORD104+si-NC group (P<0.05). Conclusion: SNORD104 promotes EC development by binding to 2'-O-methyltransferase fibrillar protein FBL to form a complex that catalyzes 2'-O-methylation modification of PIK3CA mRNA and activates the PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway.

Objective: To explore the effects of WWP2 on the biological behavior of colon cancer cells via regulating of Hippo-Yes-associated protein (YAP) signaling pathway. Methods: Tumor samples and corresponding adjacent normal mucosal tissue samples of 60 patients undergoing radical resection of colon cancer in our hospital from December 2022 to December 2023 were collected, and the expression levels of WWP2 in the samples were detected by reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) and Western blot. The baseline data of age, sex, tumor-node-metastasis (TNM) stage, size, invasion and metastasis of tumor in patients were assessed, the relationship between WWP2 expression level and clinicopathological features of colon cancer were analyzed. The expression of WWP2 in colon cancer and Kaplan-Meier survival curve were evaluated by Gene Expression Profiling Interactive Analysis 2 (GEPIA2) database. Colon cancer cell line SW620 were grouped according to the protocol, and WWP2 interference expression was grouped as follows: Control group, si-NC group (transfected with si-NC), si-WWP2 group (transfected with si-WWP2) and XMU-MP-1 group (transfected with si-WWP2 and treated with 5 μmol/L XMU-MP-1 in the medium). WWP2 ove-rexpression was grouped as follows: Control group, LV-NC group (transfected with LV-NC), LV-WWP2 group (transfected with LV-WWP2) and MY-875 group (transfected with LV-WWP2 and treated with 20 nmol/L MY-875 in the medium). The cell proliferation activity, cell clones number, cell invasion, and migration were detected by MTT assay, plate cloning assay, Transwell assay, and scratch healing assay, respectively. The proteins expression levels of WWP2 and Hippo-YAP signaling pathways were detected by Western blot. Results: Compared with paracancer tissue, the mRNA and protein expression levels of WWP2 were significantly increased in colon cancer tissues (P<0.05), and WWP2 was a negative correlation factor for survival and prognosis of patients with colon cancer (HR>1), and its expression level was closely correlated with tumor size (P=0.023), differentiation degree (P=0.01), invasion degree (P=0.011) and lymph node metastasis (P=0.006). Compared with the si-NC group, the mRNA and protein expression levels of WWP2 in si-WWP2 group were significantly decreased (P<0.05), the clone number, cell mobility and invasion were significantly decreased (P<0.05), and protein phosphorylation levels of MST1, LATS1 and YAP were significantly increased (P<0.05). Compared with si-WWP2 group, the mRNA and protein expression levels of WWP2 in XMU-MP-1 group were significantly increased (P<0.05), the clone number, cell mobility and invasion were significantly decreased were significantly increased (P<0.05), and protein phosphorylation levels of MST1, LATS1 and YAP were significantly decreased (P<0.05). Compared with LV-NC group, the mRNA and protein expression levels of WWP2 in LV-MMP2 group were significantly increased (P<0.05), the clone number, cell mobility and invasion were significantly decreased were significantly increased (P<0.05), and protein phosphorylation levels of MST1, LATS1 and YAP were significantly decreased (P<0.05). Compared with the LV-WWP2 group, the mRNA and protein expression levels of WWP2 in MY-875 group were significantly decreased (P<0.05), the clone number, cell mobility and invasion were significantly decreased were significantly decreased (P<0.05), and protein phosphorylation levels of MST1, LATS1 and YAP were significantly increased (P<0.05). Conclusion: WWP2 may be a promoter of colon cancer and is closely associated with poor prognosis. Down-regulating WWP2 expression can affect the malignant progression of colon cancer by inhibiting the proliferation, migration and invasion of colon cancer cells, which may be related to the activation of Hippo-YAP signaling pathway.

Objective: To investigate the effect and mechanism of different concentrations Ophiopogonin-B (OP-B) on the malignant behavior of breast cancer cells. Methods: Human breast cancer cells were inducted into control group, OP-B low, medium and high concentration groups (transfected with 10, 20 and 40 μmol/L OP-B), high concentration OP-B+pcDNA-NC group (transfected with pcDNA-NC and 40 μmol/L OP-B ), and high concentration OP-B+pcDNA-PD-1 group (transfected with pcDNA-PD-1 and 40 μmol/L OP-B ). The proliferation ability, the migration and invasion abilities, and the apoptosis rate of MCF-7 cells were detected by cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8) assay, Transwell and Flow cytometry, respectively. Western blot was used to detect the protein expression levels of programmed death-1 (PD-1), programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), and transforming growth factor beta1 (TGF-β₁) of MCF-7 cells in each group. Results: Compared with the control group, the proliferation rate, migration and invasion ability of MCF-7 cells in each treatment group of OP-B were significantly reduced (P<0.05), and the apoptosis rate was significantly increased (P<0.05), the protein expression levels of PD-1, PD-L1, VEGF and TGF-β₁ in MCF-7 cells were significantly reduced (P<0.05). OP-B could significantly inhibit the malignant behavior and immune escape of MCF-7 cells, showing a concentration dependent (P<0.05), however, pcDNA-PD-1 plasmid transfection could significantly reverse the effect of high concentration OP-B on MCF-7 cells (P<0.05). Conclusion: OP-B may reduce the expression of VEGF and TGF-β₁ by inhibiting the PD-1/PD-L1 pathway, thereby reducing proliferation, migration, and invasion of MCF-7 cell, promoting cell apoptosis, and reducing the occurrence of immune escape.

Objective: To investigate the effects of dagliprazin adjuvant therapy on blood glucose level, islet function and toll-like receptor-4 (TLR4)/nuclear factor κB (NF-κB) signaling pathway in patients with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). Methods: A total of 126 GDM patients visited the hospital from May 2021 to February 2023 were randomized 1∶1 to metformin treatment (control group) or dagliprazin + metformin (study group). Blood glucose, glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), islet function index and oxygen-inflammation index including malondialdehyde (MDA), interleukin-12 (IL-12), superoxide dismutase (SOD), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), disease-related indicators including urinary microprotein (mA1b), uric acid (UA), total bilirubin (TBIL), TLR4/NF-κB signaling pathway related factors including TLR4, intracellular inhibitory protein κB (IκB), NF-κB mRNA were compared between the two groups before treatment and 4 weeks after treatment. The outcome and safety of the two groups were assessed. Results: The levels of FPG [(4.21±0.53) mmol/L VS (5.87±0.86) mmol/L], 2hPG [(5.17±1.02) mmol/L VS (7.98±1.26) mmoL/L], and HbA1c [(4.33±0.76)% VS (5.86±1.02)%] in the study group after treatment were lower than those in the control group (P<0.05). After treatment, the FINS level [(60.35±7.63) mIU/L VS (72.94±8.52) mIU/L] and HOMA-IR [(1.28±0.35) VS (1.94±0.41)] in the study group were lower than those in the control group, while the HOMA-β [(50.49±4.58) VS (42.83±3.95)] was higher than that in the control group (P<0.05). After treatment, the levels of serum MDA, IL-12, and TNF-α in the study group were lower than those in the control group, while the level of SOD was higher than that in the control group (P<0.05). After treatment, the levels of mA1b and UA in the study group were lower than those in the control group, while the level of TBIL was higher than that in the control group (P<0.05). After treatment, the mRNA levels of TLR4 [(0.37±0.10) VS (0.95±0.31)] and NF-κB [(0.40±0.12) VS (0.91±0.30)] in the study group were lower than those in the control group, while the mRNA level of IκB [(1.73±0.33) VS (1.18±0.31)] was higher than that in the control group (P<0.05). The incidence of adverse maternal and infant outcomes in the study group was lower than that in the control group [4.76% vs 15.87%] (P<0.05). No significant adverse reactions occurred in both groups during the treatment period. Conclusion: Dagliprazin adjuvant therapy in patients with GDM can effectively improve blood glucose and islet function, inhibit oxidation-inflammation response, control disease progression, and improve adverse maternal and infant outcomes, with certain safety, and its therapeutic mechanism may be related to inhibiting the activation of TLR4/NF-κB signaling pathway.

Objective: To investigate the ameliorative effect of ginsenoside Rg1 (RG1)on mice with inflammatory bowel disease and its effect on peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARγ) signaling pathway. Methods: Ulcerative colitis (UC) mouse model was induced by dextran sulfate sodium (DSS). Mice were randomly divided into control group, model group, Rg1-L group, Rg1-M group, and Rg1-H group, with 12 rats in each group. After 10 days of oral administration of RG1,Histopathological analysis was performed using hematoxylin and eosin (HE) and Alcian Blue-Periodic Acid-Schiff (AB-PAS) staining. Oxidative stress-related markers, intestinal injury markers, and inflammatory cytokines were analyzed using respective kits. Immunohistochemistry was used to assess the expression of tight junction proteins. Western blotting was performed to measure PPARγ expression. Results: Compared to the model group, RG1 treatment did not significantly change body weight but significantly increased colon length (P < 0.05). RG1 significantly improved DSS-induced colon tissue damage and repaired the destruction of goblet cells and the intestinal mucus layer. RG1 treatment significantly reduced the levels of nitric oxide (NO) and malondialdehyde (MDA) in colon tissue (P < 0.05), and significantly increased the activity of antioxidant enzymes (glutathione [GSH], catalase [CAT], superoxide dismutase [SOD]) (P < 0.05). RG1 significantly lowered serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) levels (P < 0.05). Additionally, RG1 significantly inhibited the levels of interleukin-6 (IL-6), interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β), and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) (P < 0.05). RG1 treatment increased the expression of Claudin-1, Occludin, and zonula occludens-1 (ZO-1) in the colon (P < 0.05), thereby improving intestinal barrier integrity. RG1 significantly elevated immunoglobulin A (IgA) and immunoglobulin E (IgE) levels (P < 0.05) and upregulated PPARγ expression (P < 0.05), suggesting a protective effect through immune modulation. Furthermore, RG1 significantly increased the concentrations of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) (acetate, propionate, butyrate, etc.) in the cecal contents of mice (P < 0.05). Conclusion: RG1 can decrease DSS-induced intestinal barrier damage via reducing oxidative stress and modulating SCFA, and activating the PPARγsignaling pathway.

Objective: To investigate the effects of glaucocalyxin A (GLA) on on the growth and biofilm formation of Mycobacterium abscessus via regulating toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4)/nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) signaling pathway. Methods: Mycobacterium abscessus strain ATCC19977 was inducted into blank group, GLA low, medium high-dose group, TAK-242 group and GLA high-dose group + LPS group. The lowest drug concentration (MIC90) corresponding to an inhibition rate of 90% or greater on ATCC19977 by GLA determined by Alma Blue liquid drug sensitivity assay. The biofilm formation in ATCC19977 was recorded by scanning electron microscopy. Crystal violet staining was employed to detect the total biomass of ATCC19977 biofilm, MTT assay was used to detect the metabolic activity of ATCC19977 biofilm. The quantitative reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) and Western blot were used to detect the mRNA expression of MAB-2030 and MAB-2028 and the proteins expression of TLR4 and p-NF-κB p65 in ATCC19977. Results: The MIC90 of GLA on ATCC19977 was 10μmoL/L. Compared with the blank group, the GLA dose groups showed a decrease in the number of ATCC19977, and the biofilm formation was damaged, manifested as a thinner thickness and a loose state. The total biomass and metabolic activity of ATCC19977 biofilm, mRNA expression of MAB-2030 and MAB-2028, protein expression of TLR4 and p-NF -κB p65 in ATCC19977 of the GLA dose groups decreased significantly, and the GLA high-dose group showed the most obvious trend, the corresponding indicator change trend in TAK-242 group was consistent with the above (all P<0.05). Compared with the GLA high-dose group, the GLA high-dose+LPS group had an increase in the number of ATCC19977, a decrease in the degree of biofilm damage, increases in total biofilm biomass, biofilm metabolic activity, MAB-2030 and MAB-2028 mRNA expression, and TLR4 and p-NF -κB p65 protein expression in ATCC19977 (all P<0.05). Conclusion: GLA may inhibit the growth and biofilm formation of ATCC19977 by suppressing the TLR4/NF -κB signaling pathway.

Objective: To investigate the effect of evodiamine on gastrointestinal function in Helicobacter pylori (Hp)-induced chronic atrophic gastritis (CAG) rats via regulating epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)/ mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPK)/ extracellular signal-regulated kinases (ERK) signaling pathway. Methods: Forty SD male rats were selected, 10 rats were induced blank control, and the remaining 30 were induced to establish a Hp-induced CAG model. Except for three failures, 27 success rates were randomly divided into model group (transfection of HB), evodiamine group (20 mg/kg evodiamine), evodiamine + inhibitor group (20 mg/kg evodiamine +0.3 g/kg vitase), and 9 rats in each group. Rats in blank group and model group were not treated. The pathological score, gastric mucosal blood flow, gastric residual rate, gastrointestinal hormone, inflammatory factors, serum-specific markers, propulsion rate of small intestinal, EGFR, MAPK, ERK mRNA and protein expression were compared in each group. Results: Compared to the blank group, atrophy score (1.06±0.33) (0.98±0.31), inflammatory activity score (1.27±0.41) (1.11±0.36), motilin (MTL) (239.41±20.74) (237.45±20.85), interleukin (IL)-12, IL-1β, IL-8, IL- 17, C-X-C motif ligand 1 (CXCL1), and intragastric retention (76.95±12.35) (74.35±13.05) in the model group and the evodiamine +inhibitor group were significantly elevated, gastric mucosal blood flow (GMBF), somatostatin (SS) (10.10±4.03) (11.39±4.09), propulsion rate of small intestinal (52.06±3.42) (53.18±3.73), gastrin (GAS) (39.24±6.78) (40.25± 6.76), and gastrin-17 (G-17) were significantly decreased (P＜0.05). Compared with the model group, atrophy score (0.19±0.05), inflammatory activity score (0.23±0.06), MTL (150.78±13.01), IL-12, IL-1β, IL-8, IL-17, intragastric retention rate (54.19±8.52), and CXCL1 were significantly decreased in the evodiamine group, but GMBF, SS (25.96± 5.74), propulsion rate of small intestinal (62.19±5.08), GAS (65.37±9.49), and G-17 were significantly increased (P<0.05). Atrophic score, inflammatory activity score, intragastric retention rate, MTL, IL-12, IL-1β, IL-8, IL-17, and CXCL1 were significantly elevated, and GMBF, SS, GAS, propulsion rate of small intestinal, and G-17 were significantly decreased in the evodiamine +inhibitor group compared with the evodiamine group (P < 0.05). EGFR (3.66±0.52) (3.64±0.51), MAPK (2.14±0.15) (2.13±0.15), and ERK (2.21±0.17) (2.19±0.16) mRNA and protein expression were increased in the model group and evodiamine +inhibitor group compared with the blank group (P<0.05). EGFR (1.03±0.02), MAPK (0.68±0.08), and ERK (0.80±0.09) mRNA and protein expression were decreased in the evodiamine group compared with the model group (P<0.05). EGFR, MAPK, and ERK mRNA and protein expression were elevated in the evodiamine +inhibitor group compared with the evodiamine group (P < 0.05). Conclusion: Evodiamine can effectively improve the inflammatory response in Hp-induced CAG rats, improve the secretion of gastrointestinal hormones via regulating EGFR/MAPK/ERK signaling pathway.

Objective: To investigate the mechanism by which long non-coding RNA (LncRNA) nuclear enriched abundant transcript 1 (NEAT1) promotes the expression of formyl peptide receptor 2 (FPR2) and affects the pro-inflammatory phenotype and pyroptosis of macrophages in septic rats. Methods: A cecal ligation and puncture (CLP) method was used to establish a sepsis rat model. Fifty-six SD rats were randomly divided into 7 groups (n=8 per group): Sham surgery group, Sepsis group, Sepsis + Empty vector group, Sepsis + Overexpression LncRNA NEAT1 group, Sepsis + Negative control silencing group, Sepsis + Silencing lncRNA NEAT1 group, and Sepsis + Silencing lncRNA NEAT1 + Recombinant human FPR2 (rhFPR2) group. Lung tissue pathological changes were observed by H&E staining. Real-time quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR) was used to detect the expression of lncRNA NEAT1. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was employed to measure the levels of interleukin-18 (IL-18), interleukin-1β (IL-1β), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid. Flow cytometry was used to detect the CD86+ subpopulation ratio of macrophages. Western blot analysis was performed to detect the expression of FPR2, NLR family pyrin domain containing 3 (NLRP3), and cleaved-caspase1. Electron microscopy was used to observe the pyroptosis of alveolar macrophages. Results: Compared to the sham surgery group, the sepsis group showed significant upregulation in the expression of LncRNA NEAT1, FPR2, IL-18, IL-1β, CD86+ macrophage subpopulation, TNF-α, iNOS, NLRP3, and cleaved-caspase1 (all P<0.05). Lung tissue showed severe inflammatory cell infiltration, alveolar swelling, bleeding, and marked macrophage pyroptosis. Compared to the sepsis + empty vector group, the sepsis + overexpression lncRNA NEAT1 group showed significant upregulation in the above indicators (all P<0.05). Compared to the sepsis + negative control silencing group, the sepsis + silencing lncRNA NEAT1 group showed significant downregulation in the above indicators (all P<0.05), with reduced lung tissue inflammatory cell infiltration, alveolar swelling, bleeding, and decreased pyroptosis. Compared to the sepsis + silencing lncRNA NEAT1 group, the sepsis + silencing lncRNA NEAT1 + rhFPR2 group showed significant upregulation in FPR2, IL-18, IL-1β, CD86+ macrophage subpopulation, TNF-α, iNOS, NLRP3, and cleaved-caspase1 (all P<0.05), with aggravated lung tissue inflammatory cell infiltration, alveolar swelling, bleeding, and increased pyroptosis. Conclusion: lncRNA NEAT1 aggravates the pro-inflammatory phenotype and pyroptosis of sepsis macrophages in rats by upregulating FPR2 expression, thereby intensifying the inflammatory response and tissue damage in sepsis.

Objective: To measure the expression levels of miR-142-5p in the hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) tissues and plasma; to explore the correlation of miR-142-5p with pathological characteristics of HCC; and to predict the target genes of miR-142-5p. Methods: A total of 40 HCC patients associated with hepatitis B virus (HBV), and 35 patients with chronic hepatitis B (CHB) were enrolled in this study. Expression levels of miR-142-5p in HCC specimens, paracancerous specimens and plasma of HCC patients were detected. The correlation of miR-142-5p with pathological characteristics of HCC was analyzed. The receiver operating curve (ROC) was plotted to identify the diagnostic potential of miR-142-5p in HCC. The target genes of miR-142-5p were predicted by bioinformatics. Results: MiR-142-5p was significantly lowly expressed in HCC specimens than the paracancerous specimens. Plasma miR-142-5p was positively correlated with the expression level of miR-142-5p in HCC specimens, and both of them were significantly lower in CHB patients. Expression level of miR-142-5p in HCC specimens and its plasma level in HCC patients were significantly correlated with the differentiation level and BCLC staging system of HCC. The ROC analysis suggested the diagnostic potential of miR-142-5p in HCC. The area under the curve (AUC) of miR-142-5p in HCC specimens and plasma miR-142-5p in diagnosing HCC was 0.692 and 0.755, respectively. Bioinformatics showed 16 target genes of miR-142-5p cross-existed in 6 databases. Furthermore, GO and KEGG analyses showed that miR-142-5p was involved in the occurrence and progression of HCC through multiple pathways. Conclusion: MiR-142-5p is a potential biomarker for the diagnosis of HCC, which is closely related to the occurrence and development of HCC.

Objective: To investigate the effect of decursin (Dec) on the immune function of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) rats by regulating the CC chemokine ligand 2 (CCL2)-CC chemokine receptor 2 (CCR2) signaling axis. Methods: A RA rat model was constructed, and the successfully modeled rats were separated into RA group, L-Dec, M-Dec, H-Dec (gavage of 40, 60, and 80 mg/kg Dec), Dec+CCL2 (gavage of 80 mg/kg Dec+intraperitoneal injection of 5 ng CCL2), with 10 rats in each group. Another 10 rats were selected as the Control group. The Control group and RA group were gavaged and injected with an equal amount of physiological saline for 4 consecutive weeks. The degree of joint swelling, arthritis index, mechanical pain threshold, and paw withdrawal thermal latency (PWTL) of RA rats in each group were measured. The hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining was applied to observe the joint pathology of RA rats. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was applied to detect the expression of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), matrix metalloproteinase-3 (MMP-3), and interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β) in the serum of RA rats. Western blot was applied to detect the proteins expression of CCL2 and CCR2 in the joint tissues of RA rats. Results: The control group had intact and clear joint and bone structures. The RA group showed obvious bone structure damage with the infiltration of inflammatory cells. The L-Dec, M-Dec, and H-Dec groups showed reduced bone destruction, synovial epithelial proliferation, and inflammatory cell infiltration. The Dec+CCL2 group showed increased bone destruction and aggravated infiltration of inflammatory cells. The degree of joint swelling, arthritis index, the levels of TNF-α, MMP-3, IL-1β, immunoglobulin M (IgM), immunoglobulin G (IgG), immunoglobulin A (IgA), CCL2, and CCR2 in the RA group were significantly higher than those in the Control group, but the PWTL and the mechanical pain threshold were significantly lower (P<0.05). The degree of joint swelling, arthritis index, the levels of TNF-α, MMP-3, IL-1β, IgM, IgG, IgA, CCL2, and CCR2 in the L-Dec, M-Dec, and H-Dec groups were significantly lower than those in the RA group, the PWTL and the mechanical pain threshold were significantly higher (P<0.05). The degree of joint swelling, arthritis index, the levels of TNF-α, MMP-3, IL-1β, IgM, IgG, IgA, CCL2, and CCR2 in the Dec+CCL2 group were significantly higher than those in the H-Dec group, the PWTL and the mechanical pain threshold were significantly lower (P<0.05). Conclusion: Dec can improve the immune function of RA rats, via inhibiting the CCL2-CCR2 signaling axis.

Objective: To investigate the effects of geniposide (GNP) on inflammatory damage in periodontitis rats and its potential mechanism. Methods: Rats were randomly divided into the control group, periodontitis model group (model group), periodontitis model + low-dose GNP treatment group (low-dose group), periodontitis model + medium-dose GNP treatment group (medium-dose group), periodontitis model + high-dose GNP treatment group (high-dose group), and positive control sub-antibacterial doxycycline treatment group (SDD group). High-resolution micro-CT was used to detect alveolar bone microstructure, hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining was used to observe periodontitis histopathology, ELISA kits were used to detect serum IL-1β and IL-6 levels, and Western blotting was performed to detect protein expression of NF-κB P65, NLRP3, ASC, caspase-1, cleaved-caspase-1, and IL-1β in periodontal tissue. Results: Compared with the control group, the model group showed significantly decreased alveolar bone density (BMD) and bone volume fraction (BV/TV), while IL-1, IL-6 levels, alveolar bone resorption, and protein expressions of NF-κB P65, NLRP3, ASC, cleaved-caspase-1, and IL-1β in periodontal tissue were significantly increased (P<0.05). Meanwhile, alveolar bone resorption was significant, the alveolar ridge disappeared, and inflammatory cell infiltration was observed in periodontal tissue. Compared with the model group, the low-dose, medium-dose, high-dose, and SDD groups showed significant increases in BMD and BV/TV, and decreases in IL-1, IL-6 levels, alveolar bone resorption, and protein expressions of NF-κB P65, NLRP3, ASC, cleaved-caspase-1, and IL-1β in periodontal tissue (P<0.05). With increasing doses of GNP, the adverse changes were alleviated, alveolar bone resorption was progressively reduced, and inflammatory cell infiltration in periodontal tissue decreased. Compared with the low-dose group, the medium-dose, high-dose, and SDD groups showed significant increases in BMD and BV/TV, and decreases in IL-1, IL-6 levels, alveolar bone resorption, and protein expressions of NF-κB P65, NLRP3, ASC, cleaved-caspase-1, and IL-1β (P<0.05). Compared with the medium-dose group, the high-dose group and SDD group showed significant increases in BMD and BV/TV, and decreases in IL-1, IL-6 levels, alveolar bone resorption, and protein expressions of NF-κB P65, NLRP3, ASC, cleaved-caspase-1, and IL-1β (P<0.05). No significant difference was observed between the high-dose group and SDD group regarding BMD, BV/TV, IL-1, IL-6 levels, alveolar bone resorption, and protein expression of NF-κB P65, NLRP3, ASC, IL-1, and cleaved-caspase-1. Conclusions: Geniposide may alleviate the inflammatory response in periodontitis rats and improve alveolar bone resorption by inhibiting the activation of NF-κB/NLRP3 and suppressing IL-1β secretion.

Objective: To investigate the effect of atractylenolide I (ATR-I) on inflammatory response in acute myocardial infarction (AMI) rats. Methods: The rats were divided into a sham operation group, an AMI group, an ATR-Ⅰ-L dose group, an ATR-Ⅰ-M dose group, an ATR-Ⅰ-H dose group, and an ATR-Ⅰ-H + plerixafor (AMD3100) model group, with 12 rats in each group, once a day for 7 days.The ultrasound imaging system was applied to measure fraction shorting (FS) and left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) in rats. The myocardial infarction area, myocardial histopathology, and cardiomyocyte apoptosis in rats were detected by 2,3,5-triphenyl tetrazolium chloride (TTC) staining, hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining, and terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL) staining, respectively. The changes in lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), myoglobin (MB), interleukin-1β (IL-1β), and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) in myocardial tissue were calculated by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) and Western blot were employed to determine the expression levels of stromal cell-derived factor 1( SDF-1 )and C-X-C chemokine receptor type 4(CXCR4), and the proteins expression of SDF-1 and CXCR4 mRNA in rat tissues. Results: Compared with the sham surgery group, the levels of LVSF and FS, and the expression of SDF-1, CXCR4 mRNA and their protein expression in myocardial tissue of AMI group decreased significantly (P<0.05). The myocardial infarction area, apoptosis rate, and levels of LDH activities, MB, IL-1β, and TNF-α in myocardial tissue increased significantly (P<0.05), with severe myocardial cell damage and inflammation. Compared with the AMI group, the levels of LVSF and FS, and the expression of SDF-1, CXCR4 mRNA and their protein expression in myocardial tissue of ATR-I-L group, ATR-I-M group, and ATR-I-H group increased significantly (P<0.05). The myocardial infarction area, apoptosis rate, and levels of LDH activities, MB, IL-1β, and TNF-α in myocardial tissue decreased significantly (P<0.05), the myocardial cell damage had improved. Compared with the ATR-I-H group, the LVSF and FS, and the expression of SDF-1, CXCR4 mRNA and their protein expression in myocardial tissue of ATR-I-H+AMD3100 group decreased significantly (P<0.05), the myocardial infarction area, apoptosis rate, and levels of LDH activities, MB, IL-1β, and TNF-α in myocardial tissue increased significantly(P<0.05), the damage to myocardial cells intensified. Conclusion: ATR-I can reduce inflammation in AMI rats.

Objective: To explore the mechanism of perindopril in lipid metabolism disorders in obese rats and its effect on the AMPK/Sirt1 pathway. Methods: Forty male SD rats were randomly divided into four groups: blank group, model group, perindopril + inhibitor group, and perindopril group, with 10 rats in each group. Rats in the model, perindopril + inhibitor, and perindopril groups were fed a high-fat diet to establish an obesity model, while the blank group received no treatment. After successful modeling, the blank and model groups were treated with the same amount of saline, the perindopril + inhibitor group received 2 mg/kg perindopril + 5 mg/kg Dorsomorphin, and the perindopril group received 2 mg/kg perindopril. The average area of epididymal adipocyte cells, blood lipid and blood glucose levels, liver index, liver mass, body mass, Lee's index, body weight, and protein expression of AMPK and Sirt1 were compared among groups. Results: Compared with the blank group, the model and perindopril + inhibitor groups showed increased average area of epididymal adipocytes, LDL-C, TG, TC, FPG, 0.5hPG, 1hPG, 2hPG, liver mass, body mass, Lee's index, final body weight, and weight gain, while HDL-C levels, liver index, and protein expression of AMPK and Sirt1 were decreased (P<0.05). Compared with the model group, the perindopril group showed decreased average area of epididymal adipocytes, LDL-C, TG, TC, FPG, 0.5hPG, 1hPG, 2hPG, liver mass, body mass, Lee's index, final body weight, and weight gain, while HDL-C levels, liver index, and protein expression of AMPK and Sirt1 increased (P<0.05). Compared with the perindopril group, the perindopril + inhibitor group showed increased average area of epididymal adipocytes, LDL-C, TG, TC, FPG, 0.5hPG, 1hPG, 2hPG, liver mass, body mass, Lee's index, final body weight, and weight gain, while HDL-C levels, liver index, and protein expression of AMPK and Sirt1 were decreased, with significant differences (P<0.05). Conclusion: Perindopril can effectively reduce body weight, decrease the average area of epididymal adipocytes, and improve glucose and lipid metabolism in rats. Its mechanism may be related to the AMPK/Sirt1 pathway.

Objective: To investigate the expression of microRNA-496 (miR-496) and mitochondrial fission regulator 2 (MTFR2) in pancreatic cancer tissues and their clinical significance. Methods: A total of 124 patients with pancreatic cancer diagnosed at our hospital between April 2020 and April 2021 were included in the study. Cancerous and adjacent tissues were collected from these patients. Based on a 3-year follow-up, the patients were divided into a survival group (79 cases) and a death group (45 cases). The expression levels of miR-496 in different tissues were detected using real-time quantitative PCR, and the expression levels of MTFR2 protein in tissues were detected using immunohistochemistry. Kaplan-Meier analysis was used to analyze the relationship between miR-496 and MTFR2 expression and the 3-year prognosis of pancreatic cancer patients. Cox proportional hazards regression model was used to analyze the factors influencing the 3-year prognosis of pancreatic cancer patients. Results: The positive rate of MTFR2 protein expression in pancreatic cancer tissues (70.97%) was higher than that in adjacent tissues (18.55%), while the expression level of miR-496 (0.64±0.18) in cancer tissues was lower than that in adjacent tissues (1.02±0.24) (χ²/t = 68.902, 14.105, P < 0.05). In pancreatic cancer tissues with TNM stage III + IV, low differentiation, lymph node metastasis, and distant metastasis, the proportion of patients with low miR-496 expression (76.74%, 82.22%, 79.59%, 78.12%) was higher than those with high miR-496 expression (23.26%, 17.78%, 20.41%, 21.88%) (χ² = 17.719, 27.892, 26.858, 12.879, P < 0.05). The proportion of patients with positive MTFR2 expression (86.05%, 84.44%, 83.67%, 87.50%) was higher than those with negative MTFR2 expression (13.95%, 15.56%, 16.33%, 12.50%) (χ² = 7.264, 6.226, 6.348, 5.721, P < 0.05). The 3-year survival rate of patients with low miR-496 expression in pancreatic cancer tissues (34.92%) was significantly lower than that of patients with high miR-496 expression (93.44%) (χ² = 45.908, P < 0.05). The 3-year survival rate of patients with negative MTFR2 expression in pancreatic cancer tissues (94.33%) was significantly higher than that of patients with positive MTFR2 expression (51.14%) (χ² = 20.726, P < 0.05). Univariate and multivariate Cox regression analyses showed that MTFR2 was an independent risk factor for 3-year mortality in pancreatic cancer patients, while miR-496 was a protective factor for 3-year mortality (P < 0.05). Conclusion: The expression of miR-496 and MTFR2 is closely associated with the progression of pancreatic cancer and may serve as potential prognostic biomarkers.

Objective: To investigate the effect of the duration of dual antiplatelet therapy (DAPT) on the outcome of non-obstructive coronary artery myocardial infarction (MINOCA). Methods: A total of 111 hospitalized patients examined with coronary angiography and diagnosed with MINOCA in Chengde Central Hospital from January 2016 to December 2023 were continuously enrolled. They were divided into the short-duration DAPT (1~3 months DAPT, n=59) and long-duration DAPT (3~6 months DAPT, n=52) based on the duration of DAPT. Kaplan-Meier analysis and Cox proportional hazard regression were performed to assess the effect of the duration of DAPT on the outcome of MINOCA. Results: The incidence of primary endpoints was 23.7% in the short-duration DAPT group, and 19.2% in the long-duration DAPT group, showing no significant difference (P=0.566). The Kaplan-Meier analysis also indicated comparable primary endpoints between the short-duration DAPT group and long-duration DAPT group (log-rank P=0.535). Cox regression analysis showed that in comparison to the short-duration DAPT group, a long duration of DAPT did not correlate with the reduced risk of primary endpoints (hazard ratio [HR]: 1.310, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.582~2.399, P=0.514). Moreover, there was no significant difference in the risk of type 1-5 Bleeding Academic Research Consortium (BARC) between the two groups (HR: 0.439, 95%CI: 0.080~2.399, P=0.342). Conclusion: Considering the similar incidence of ischemic event and lower incidence of bleeding, a short duration of DAPT may be superior to a long duration of DAPT in MINOCA patients.

Objective: To analyze the application effect of digital subtraction angiography (DSA) 3D technology in DSA-guided interventional surgery for intracranial aneurysms. Methods: From January 2022 to January 2024, 135 patients with intracranial aneurysms admitted to our hospital were selected for this study. They were randomly divided into two groups: the control group (n=67), who underwent interventional surgery guided by DSA 2D technology, and the study group (n=68), who underwent interventional surgery guided by DSA 3D technology. The aneurysm detection rate, clarity of aneurysm neck and feeding arteries, embolization success rate, and incidence of complications were compared between the two groups. Results: Compared with the control group, the detection rate of aneurysms and the success rate of embolization were higher in the study group. The clarity of the aneurysm neck and the parent artery (-) was lower in the study group, while the parent artery (++) was higher in the study group (P<0.05). Conclusion: The application of DSA 3D technology in intracranial aneurysm interventional surgery can improve aneurysm detection rates, increase embolization success rates, and enhance the patient's neurological function.

Objective: To evaluate the clinical value of 3D reconstruction technique-precision hepatectomy in the treatment of mesenchymal hamartoma of liver (MHL) in children. Methods: A total of 102 children with MHL in our hospital from January 2019 to May 2023 were randomized 1:1 to conventional precise hepatectomy (conventional group) or 3D reconstruction technique-precision hepatectomy(3D group). The surgical indexes, inflammatory stress indexes (Interleukin-6 [IL-6]), Tumor necrosis factor-α [TNF-α], C-reactive protein [CRP]), liver function indexes (alanine aminotransferase [ALT, aspartate aminotransferase [AST], total bilirubin [BIL], direct bilirubin [DBIL], indirect bilirubin [IBIL]),Visual Analogue scale (VAS)for postoperative pain, quality-of-life (QOL) scores, and complication rate, were included as comparisons before and after surgery between groups. The recurrence rate of the two groups following 1-year follow-up was assessed. Results: The amount of blood loss in the 3D group was statistically less than that in the conventional group, the time to operation, time to hepatic artery occlusion and hospital stay were significantly shorter than those in the conventional group (P<0.05). The levels of CRP, IL-6, TNF-α, AST, ALT, TBIL, DBIL, and IBIL in 3D groups at 1, 3 and 7 days of surgery were significantly lower than those in conventional group (P<0.05).The VAS scores at 12 h, 24 h, 48 h and 72 h in the 3D group were significantly lower than those in the conventional group (P<0.05). After 3 months of surgery, the QLL scores in 3D group were significantly higher than those in conventional group (P<0.05). The complication rate of 3D group was significantly lower than that of conventional group (3.92% vs 17.65%, P<0.05). There was no significant difference in the recurrence rate between the two groups at 1 year of follow-up (P>0.05). Conclusion: The 3D reconstruction technology-guided precise hepatectomy in the treatment of pediatric MHL can optimize the surgery, reduce inflammatory response and pain degree, promote postoperative recovery, improve liver function, reduce complications, and improve quality of life, with a confirmed long-term efficacy.

Objective: To analyze the relationship between the baseline level of serum C-C motif chemokine ligand 11 (CCL11) and C-C motif chemokine ligand 18 (CCL18) with clinicopathological features and recurrence of differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC), thus analyzing the predictive value of CCL11 and CCL18 levels for recurrence. Methods: One hundred and fifty-one patients with DTC in the hospital from March 2020 to March 2023 were enrolled. The baseline date of Serum CCL11 and CCL18 levels were measured. According to whether or not the recurrence at 1 year of surgery, they were classified into the recurrence group (n=35) and the non-recurrence group (n=116). The baseline levels of serum CCL11 and CCL18 were compared among patients with different clinicopathological characteristics. The predictive value of baseline levels of serum CCL11 and CCL18 levels in evaluating postoperative recurrence was analyzed by receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC). Results: The preoperative serum CCL11 and CCL18 levels were significantly higher in the recurrence group than in the non-recurrence group (P<0.05). Baseline levels of serum CCL11 and CCL18 were associated with lymph node metastasis, depth of invasion, and the tumor-node-metastasis (TNM) staging (P<0.05), but were not related to number of lesions, and microcalcification inside the tumor (P>0.05). ROC curve demonstrated that the area under the curve (AUC) of baseline levels of serum CCL11 and CCL18 alone and in combination in predicting postoperative recurrence of DTC was 0.612, 0.725 and 0.892, with sensitivities of 71.43%, 77.14% and 80.00% and specificities of 55.17%, 62.21% and 90.52% respectively. The efficiency of combined prediction was better than that of each indicator alone (P<0.05). Conclusion: The baseline levels of serum CCL11 and CCL18 are closely related to the clinicopathological characteristics and recurrence of patients with DTC. Measuring preoperative serum CCL11 and CCL18 levels can provide a certain predictive value on postoperative recurrence of the patients.

Objective: To explore the relationship between the expression of RNA Binding Motif Single-Strand Interacting Protein 1 (RBMS1) in prostate cancer (PCa) tissue and the clinical pathological features and prognosis of patients. Methods: A total of 135 PCa patients admitted to our hospital from December 2018 to December 2020 were selected. Immunohistochemistry was used to detect the expression of RBMS1. The relationship between RBMS1 expression and prognosis in PCa patients was analyzed using the Kaplan-Meier method. The factors affecting the prognosis of PCa patients were analyzed using Cox regression. Results: Compared with adjacent cancer-free tissue, the positive expression rate of RBMS1 in PCa tissue was significantly lower (27.41% vs 68.89%, χ² = 46.523, P<0.05). The expression of RBMS1 in PCa tissue was significantly different among TNM stage, Gleason score, and lymph node metastasis (P<0.05). Patients with positive RBMS1 expression in PCa tissue had a significantly higher 3-year survival rate compared to those with negative RBMS1 expression (Log Rank χ² = 4.583, P = 0.032). Cox regression analysis revealed that negative RBMS1 expression, TNM stage III, lymph node metastasis, and Gleason score >7 were risk factors for poor prognosis in PCa patients (P<0.05). Conclusion: The positive expression rate of RBMS1 in PCa tissue is significantly lower and is associated with the clinical pathological features and prognosis of patients.

Objective: To explore the correlation between tissue microRNA-219 (miR-219), microRNA-34a (miR-34a), and DC-STAMP domain containing 1-antisense 1 (DCST1-AS1) with the clinicopathological features in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), as well as their diagnostic value. Methods: A total of 120 NSCLC patients admitted to the Nuclear Industry 416 Hospital from May 2022 to May 2024 were enrolled. The cancerous tissues and adjacent tissues were taken, and the expression of miR-219, miR-34a, and DCST1-AS1 in the cancerous tissues and adjacent tissues was determined by quantitative reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). The expression of miR-219, miR-34a, and DCST1-AS1 in patients with different clinicopathological features was compared. Spearman correlation coefficient analysis was used to analyze the correlation between the expression of miR-219, miR-34a, and DCST1-AS1 in tissues and clinicopathological features. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve, area under the curve (AUC), and decision curve analysis (DCA) were used to analyze the diagnostic value and clinical net benefit of miR-219, miR-34a, and DCST1-AS1 in NSCLC. Results: The expression of miR-219 (0.68±0.20 vs 1.00±0.30) in the cancerous tissue of the study subjects was significantly lower than that in the adjacent tissue, while the expressions of miR-34a (1.31±0.39 vs 1.00±0.28) and DCST1-AS1 (1.39±0.42 vs 1.05±0.31) were significantly higher than those in the adjacent tissue (t=9.722, 7.073, 7.135, P<0.05). The tumor, node, metastasis (TNM) staging,tumor differentiation, and lymph node metastasis were closely associated with the expression of tissue miR-219 (r = -0.644, 0.650, -0.601), miR-34a (r = 0.613, -0.604, 0.627), and DCST1-AS1 (r = 0.605, -0.620, 0.616) (P<0.05). The AUC of the combined diagnosis of miR-219, miR-34a, and DCST1-AS1 for NSCLC was 0.934 (0.895-0.962), with the highest clinical net benefit rate within the range of 0.2~1.0. Conclusion: Tissue miR-219, miR-34a, and DCST1-AS1 expression are closely associated with clinicopathological features of NSCLC patients. The combination of the three can be used as a reliable scheme for the diagnosis of NSCLC, providing an objective evidence for precise diagnosis and treatment.

Objective: To investigate the correlation between the expression of microRNA140-3p (miR-140-3p) and autophagy related gene 5 (AGT5) with pathological parameters and prognosis of nasopharyngeal carcinoma patients. Methods: A total of 102 nasopharyngeal carcinoma patients were selected as the research subjects. The expression of miR-140-3p and AGT5 in nasopharyngeal carcinoma tissues and adjacent tissues was detected by fluorescent quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) technology. The correlation of the expression levels of miR-140-3p and AGT5 in cancer tissues and adjacent tissues with pathological parameters and prognosis of nasopharyngeal carcinoma patients was assessed. After 3-year follow-up, the prognosis of patients with different expressions of miR-140-3 p and AGT5 was compared. Cox regression analysis was employed to analyze the factors affecting patient prognosis. Results: The expression levels of miR-140-3p and AGT5 in nasopharyngeal carcinoma tissues were significantly lower than those in adjacent tissues (t=23.657, 27.625, P=0.000, 0.000). There was a significant positive correlation between miR-140-3p and AGT5 expression in nasopharyngeal carcinoma tissues (r=0.614, P=0.000). The expression levels of miR-140-3p and AGT5 were significantly higher in patients with high differentiation, tumor-node-metastasis (TNM) stages Ⅰ~Ⅱ, and no lymph node metastasis than those with medium low differentiation, TNM stages Ⅲ~Ⅳ, and lymph node metastasis (P<0.05). The 3-year overall survival rate was 75.49% (77/102) among those patients. The 3-year overall survival rates of patients with high expression of miR-140-3p (≥0.97 ,n=49) and AGT5 (≥1.46, n=48) were significantly higher than those with low expression of miR-140-3p (＜0.97, n=53) and AGT5 (＜1.46, n=54)(87.76% [43/49] vs 64.15% [34/53], 87.50% [42/48] vs 64.81% [35/54], Log-Rankc 2=7.667, 7.063, P=0.006, 0.008). Low differentiation, TNM stage II-IV, and lymph node metastasis were independent risk factors for prognosis of patients with nasopharyngeal cancer. High expressions of miR-140-3p and AGT5 were protective factors for prognosis in patients with NPC (P<0.05). Conclusion: The downregulation of miR-140-3p and AGT5 expression in nasopharyngeal carcinoma patients is closely related to the occurrence, development, and prognosis of nasopharyngeal carcinoma via participating in the progression of nasopharyngeal carcinoma.

Objective: To observe the effect and prognosis of preoperative Diffusion Tensor Imaging (DTI)-assisted neuroendoscopic hematoma evacuation in elderly patients with intracerebral hemorrhage. Methods: A total of 118 elderly patients with intracerebral hemorrhage who were treated at Huazhong University of Science and Technology from May 2021 to May 2023 were enrolled in this study. The patients were randomly divided into two groups using a random number table method: the control group (n=59) and the DTI group (n=59). The control group received neuroendoscopic hematoma evacuation, while the DTI group received preoperative DTI-assisted neuroendoscopic hematoma evacuation. The perioperative basic conditions of the two groups were compared, and brain tissue damage was observed preoperatively and 1 day postoperatively. The Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) scores were compared at preoperative, postoperative 1 day, 3 days, and 7 days, and the postoperative complication rate and rebleeding rate were recorded. Results: The hematoma evacuation time and hospital stay in the DTI group were shorter than those in the control group (P < 0.05). The hematoma clearance rate in the DTI group was higher than that in the control group (P < 0.05). One day postoperatively, the S100-β levels in both groups increased compared to preoperative levels (P < 0.05), and the SOD levels decreased (P < 0.05), with a more significant change in the control group (P < 0.05). The GCS scores of both groups showed a gradually increasing trend (P < 0.05), and the GCS score of the DTI group was higher than that of the control group on postoperative day 7 (P < 0.05). The total incidence of postoperative complications and rebleeding rate were lower in the DTI group than in the control group (P < 0.05). Conclusion: Preoperative DTI-assisted neuroendoscopic hematoma evacuation significantly improves the outcome in elderly patients with intracerebral hemorrhage, avoids brain tissue damage, and results in fewer postoperative complications and a better prognosis.

Objective: To analyze the value of serum chemokine receptor 5 (CCR5) and chemokine receptor 7 (CCR7) combined in predicting the prognosis of patients with acute exacerbation of bronchial asthma (BA). Methods: A total of 128 patients with acute exacerbation of BA were enrolled as the study group, 64 BA patients without acute exacerbation as the BA control group, and 64 healthy subjects as the healthy control group from May 2022 to May 2023 at Nanjing Tongren Hospital, Affiliated to Southeast University Medical College. General data, lung function indicators (FEV1, FVC), and serum levels of CCR5 and CCR7 were compared among the three groups. The correlation between serum CCR5 and CCR7 levels and lung function indicators was analyzed in the study group. The study group was followed for one year after treatment, and based on prognosis, patients were divided into poor prognosis and good prognosis subgroups. Serum CCR5 and CCR7 levels at admission were compared between the two subgroups, and the effect of serum CCR5 and CCR7 on prognosis and their predictive value for poor prognosis were analyzed. Results: The serum levels of CCR5 and CCR7 in the study group at admission were higher than those in the BA control and healthy control groups, and the BA control group had higher levels than the healthy control group. FEV1 and FVC in the study group were lower than in the BA control and healthy control groups, and the BA control group had lower values than the healthy control group (P<0.05). Serum CCR5 and CCR7 levels at admission were negatively correlated with FEV1 and FVC (r = -0.681, -0.635, -0.549, -0.503, P<0.05). During follow-up, 3 patients were lost to follow-up. Among the remaining patients, the serum CCR5 and CCR7 levels in the poor prognosis subgroup at admission were higher than those in the good prognosis subgroup (P<0.05). Independent risk factor analysis by logistic regression showed that high serum CCR5 and CCR7 levels at admission were independent risk factors for poor prognosis in BA acute exacerbation patients (Exp(B) = 1.452, 1.332, P<0.05). The areas under the curve (AUC) for predicting poor prognosis in BA acute exacerbation patients at admission for serum CCR5, CCR7, FEV1 and FVC were 0.760, 0.766, 0.739 and 0.723, respectively. There was no significant difference between the AUC for serum CCR5, CCR7, and FEV1, FVC (P>0.05). The AUC for the combined prediction of CCR5 and CCR7 was 0.858, which was higher than the AUC for either alone, and the difference was statistically significant (Z = 2.013, 1.975, P<0.05). Conclusion: High serum levels of CCR5 and CCR7 at admission are independent risk factors for poor prognosis in patients with acute exacerbation of BA. Combined detection of CCR5 and CCR7 provides a reliable clinical basis for predicting prognosis.

Objective: To analyze the correlation between soluble triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells-1 (sTREM-1), Ghrelin/Obestatin levels and postoperative pulmonary infection in gastric cancer, and evaluate their predictive value for postoperative pulmonary infection in gastric cancer. Methods: A total of 148 gastric cancer patients who underwent surgery at our hospital between June 2021 and June 2024 were enrolled. The serum levels of sTREM-1 and Ghrelin/Obestatin were measured on the day after surgery. The patients were followed up for 1 month postoperatively and divided into an infection group (n=65) and a non-infection group (n=83) based on the occurrence of pulmonary infection. The predictive value of sTREM-1 and Ghrelin/Obestatin levels for postoperative pulmonary infection was evaluated using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves. Results: The sTREM-1 level in the infection group was higher than that in the non-infection group, while the Ghrelin/Obestatin level in the infection group was lower than that in the non-infection group (P<0.05). The ROC curve showed that the area under the curve (AUC) for sTREM-1 and Ghrelin/Obestatin levels in predicting postoperative pulmonary infection in gastric cancer was 0.773 and 0.761, respectively, with sensitivity of 64.62% and 66.15%, and specificity of 84.34% and 77.11%, respectively. The AUC for combined prediction was 0.963, with sensitivity of 92.31% and specificity of 90.36%. The combined prediction performance was superior to that of individual markers (P<0.05). Conclusion: sTREM-1 and Ghrelin/Obestatin levels are closely associated with postoperative pulmonary infection in gastric cancer. Early measurement of these levels postoperatively may provide valuable predictive information for postoperative pulmonary infection in gastric cancer.

Objective: To investigate the effects of external diaphragm pacemaker (EDP) combined with resistance breathing training on lung function and quality of life in patients with stable chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and respiratory failure. Methods: According to a random number table, 120 patients with stable COPD and respiratory failure admitted to in the hospital were prospectively enrolled into control group (routine intervention combined with pursed-lip abdominal breathing training, n=60) and experimental group (EDP combined with resistance breathing training based on routine nursing, n=60) between March 2021 and March 2024. All patients were intervened for 8 weeks. Before and after intervention, lung function including forced vital capacity (FVC), forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1), and ratio of FEV1 to FVC (FEV1/FVC%), physiology of respiratory muscles including maximum expiratory pressure (MEP) and maximum inspiratory pressure (MIP), modified British Medical Research Council (mMRC) dyspnea scale, 6-min walking test (6MWT) and quality of life, COPD assessment test (CAT), as well as the satisfaction rates of patients in the two groups were observed. Results: After intervention, FVC, FEV1, FEV1/FVC%, MEP, MIP and 6MWT distance were significantly increased in both groups, and which were significantly higher in experimental group than control group (P<0.05). After intervention, difference values of FVC (-0.69±0.19L vs -0.15±0.08L), FEV1 (-0.49±0.17L vs -0.21±0.12L), FEV1/FVC% (-10.62±2.57 vs -4.12±1.45), MEP (-0.82±0.23 Pa vs -0.51±0.17Pa ), MIP (-0.48±0.15 Pa vs -0.38±0.11 Pa) and 6MWT distance (-138.76±16.84 m vs -115.86±14.37 m) in experimental group were greater than those in control group (P＜0.05). After intervention, scores of mMRC and CAT were significantly decreased in both groups, and which were significantly lower in experimental group than control group (P<0.05). Before and after intervention, difference values of mMRC (1.39±0.28 points vs 0.60±0.17 points) and CAT (14.01±2.64 points vs 11.34±1.86 points) scores in experimental group were greater than those in control group (P<0.05). After intervention, the satisfaction rate in experimental group was significantly higher than that in control group (95.00% vs 81.67%, P<0.05). Conclusion: EDP combined with resistance breathing training can enhance lung function, relieve respiratory failure symptoms, improve exercise tolerance, quality of life and satisfaction rate in patients with COPD and respiratory failure.

Objective: To investigate the value of palliative prognosis index (PPI) combined with neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (NLR), lymphocyte to monocyte ratio (LMR) and platelet-lymphocyte ratio (PLR) in predicting the survival prognosis of patients with advanced colorectal cancer (CRC). Methods: A total of 117 patients with advanced CRC from June 2019 to June 2023 were enrolled and divided into survival group (80 cases) and death group (37 cases) according to 1-year survival prognosis. Baseline data, PPI index, NLR, LMR and PLR of the two groups were compared to analyze the value of PPI index, NLR, LMR and PLR in predicting survival prognosis. Results: PPI index, NLR and PLR in death group were significantly higher than those in survival group, but LMR was significantly lower (P< 0.05). The significantly higher PPI index, NLR and PLR and lower LMR were found in patients in stage Ⅳ vs those in stage ⅢB, patients with infiltration depth T3 to T4 vs those with infiltration depth T1-T2, patients with low differentiation vs those with middle-high differentiation, and patients with distant metastasis vs those without distant metastasis(all P < 0.05). PPI index, NLR and PLR were positively correlated with clinical stage, depth of invasion and distant metastasis, but negatively correlated with differentiation degree. LMR was negatively correlated with clinical stage, depth of invasion and distant metastasis, while positively correlated with differentiation degree (P< 0.05). PPI index, NLR and PLR were independent risk factors for survival and prognosis of patients with advanced CRC, and LMR was a independent protective factor for survival and prognosis of patients with advanced CRC (P< 0.05). The AUC of PPI index, NLR, LMR and PLR in predicting survival and prognosis of patients with advanced CRC was 0.779, 0.776, 0.784 and 0.782, with the sensitivity of 70.27%, 81.08%, 75.68% and 75.68%, and the specificity of 71.25%, 66.25%, 73.75%, 72.50%, respectively. The AUC of combined prediction of survival prognosis in patients with advanced CRC was 0.936, with the sensitivity of 83.78 % and the specificity of 90.00 %, the combined prediction value was significantly higher than that of each index alone (P < 0.05). Conclusion: PPI index, NLR, LMR and PLR are closely related to clinicopathological features of patients with advanced CRC. They are independent factors influencing survival and prognosis, and their combined prediction value was is higher.

Objective: To observe the changes of serum thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) level, carotid intima-media thickness (IMT) and pulse wave velocity (PWV) in elderly patients with H-type hypertension, and to analyze the association among them. Methods: A total of 145 elderly patients with H-type hypertension, admitted to our hospital from April 2021 to May 2024, were included. Carotid IMT, PWV, and TSH levels were measured, and the correlation between TSH levels, IMT, and PWV was analyzed. Results: The IMT and PWV levels in patients with abnormal TSH were higher than those in patients with normal TSH, with significant differences (P < 0.05). The TSH and PWV levels in patients with abnormal IMT were higher than those in patients with normal IMT, with significant differences (P < 0.05). The TSH and IMT levels in patients with abnormal PWV were higher than those in patients with normal PWV, with significant differences (P < 0.05). Multiple linear regression analysis showed that disease duration, body mass index (BMI), and TSH were influencing factors for IMT in patients with H-type hypertension (P < 0.05). Disease duration, BMI, TSH, and IMT were influencing factors for PWV in patients with H-type hypertension (P < 0.05). Conclusion: Abnormal serum TSH levels in elderly patients with H-type hypertension are associated with increased carotid IMT and PWV, which may be related to the development of carotid atherosclerosis.

Objective: To explore the study of Logistic model constructed by cardiac ultrasound with serum index in evaluating cardiac function grading in patients with arrhythmia (AR). Methods: Totally 105 AR patients in the hospital from February 2021 to April 2024 were enrolled (AR group). According to the grading of cardiac function, the AR patients were divided into grade I-II group (n=45) and grade III-IV group (n=60). At the same time, volunteers who received physical examination in the hospital were included in the control group (n=30). The clinical data of AR patients were collected, and the levels of serum brain natriuretic peptide (BNP), high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) and cardiac ultrasound parameters (left ventricular ejection fraction [LVEF], left ventricular end-diastolic diameter [LVEDD] and left ventricular end-systolic diameter [LVESD]) were compared between AR group and control group, between grade Ⅰ~Ⅱ group and grade III-IV group. Logistic regression analysis was adopted to screen the risk factors affecting cardiac function grading, and a Logistic model was constructed to evaluate the diagnostic value of cardiac ultrasound parameters and serum BNP and hs-CRP on cardiac function grading. Results: Compared with the control group, the LVEF in the AR group was significantly decreased, while the LVEDD and LVESD were significantly increased (P<0.05). The levels of serum BNP and hs-CRP in the AR group were significantly enhanced compared with the control group (P<0.05). Univariate analysis indicated that there were statistical differences in LVEF, LVEDD, LVESD, serum BNP and hs-CRP between grade I-II group and grade Ⅲ~Ⅳ group (P<0.05). Logistic multivariate regression analysis demonstrated that the decrease of LVEF and increases of LVEDD, LVESD, BNP and hs-CRP were all risk factors affecting cardiac function grading (P<0.05). ROC curve analysis found that the AUC, sensitivity, specificity and 95% CI of the Logistic model constructed by cardiac ultrasound combined with serum BNP and hs-CRP were 0.907, 88.89%, 78.33% and 0.913-0.977, respectively (P<0.05). Conclusion: Logistic model constructed by cardiac ultrasound combined with serum BNP and hs-CRP has high clinical diagnostic value for cardiac function grading in AR patients, and it provides a reliable basis for clinical evaluation of cardiac function grading.

Objective: To investigate the significance of anti-human globulin (Coombs) test in clinical blood transfusion. Methods: A total of 85 patients with anemia or low hemoglobin (Hb) level who underwent blood transfusion were enrolled as a study group in Xuancheng People's Hospital from January to December 2023. Sixty patients hospitalized during the same period were selected as a control group. All subjects received anti-human globulin (Coombs) test and direct antibody positive individuals were subjected to typing test. Test results and distribution characteristics were statistically analyzed. Results: There were 41/85 (48.24%) and 1/60 (1.67%) patients with positive results of direct anti-human globulin test in the both groups. The positive rate of direct anti-human globulin test in anemia or blood transfusion patients with low Hb was significantly higher than that in the control group (χ²=37.071, P<0.05). Among the 41 patients with positive results of direct anti-human globulin test, 1/41 (2.44%) of anti-C3d and anti-IgG positive, 39/41 (95.12%) of anti-IgG positive and 1/41 (2.44%) of anti-C3d positive. According to Hb level, the patients included were divided into 6 groups: <50g/L group, 50~59g/L group, 60~69g/L group, 70~79g/L group, 80~90g/L group, and >90 g/L group. The positive rate of direct anti-human globulin test in the 50~59g/L group was the highest (75.00%). There was no statistically significant difference in positive rate of direct anti-human globulin test among the six groups (P>0.05). The positive rate of direct anti-human globulin test in the 50~59g/L group was significantly higher than that in the >90g/L group (P<0.05).The positive rates in department of gastroenterology (100.00%), oncology (100.00%) and hematopathology (61.54%) were higher. The proportion of patients with positive direct anti-human globulin test from different departments was significantly different (P<0.05). Conclusion: The positive result of Coombs test has a non-negligible effect in patients with anemia, especially for the patients underwent blood transfusion and Hb levels within the range of 50~59g/L from department of gastroenterology, oncology and hematopathology, performing direct anti-human globulin testing and typing during blood transfusion is conducive to ensuring the safety of blood transfusion.

Objective: To explore the effect of metoprolol on cardiac function and QT interval dispersion in patients with third-degree atrioventricular block (AVB) treated with a DDD pacemaker. Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted on the clinical data of patients with third-degree AVB treated with DDD pacemaker in the cardiology department of our hospital from January 2021 to January 2024. Patients who received routine treatment after surgery were included in the control group, while those who received metoprolol in addition to routine treatment were included in the observation group. Both groups were treated for 3 months. Propensity score matching with a 1∶1 nearest neighbor method was used to balance confounding factors, resulting in 63 patients per group. Cardiac function (left atrial diameter [LAD], left ventricular end-diastolic diameter [LVEDD], left ventricular mass index [LVMI]), electrocardiogram data (resting heart rate, average heart rate, QT interval dispersion), cardiac biomarkers (plasma brain natriuretic peptide [BNP], cardiac troponin I [cTnI], creatine kinase-MB[CK-MB]), and adverse reactions during treatment were compared before and 3 months after treatment. Results: After 3 months of treatment, LAD, LVEDD, LVMI, resting heart rate, average heart rate, QT interval dispersion, BNP, cTnI and CK-MB were significantly reduced compared to before treatment in both groups. The differences between the pre- and post-treatment values in the observation group were greater than those in the control group, with statistically significant differences (P<0.05). There was no significant difference in the incidence of adverse reactions between the two groups during the treatment period (P>0.05). Conclusion: Metoprolol significantly improves cardiac function and cardiac biomarkers in patients with third-degree AVB treated with DDD pacemaker, optimizes QT interval dispersion, and demonstrates high safety.

Objective: To explore the early renal function protective effect and inflammatory impact of angiotensin receptor neprilysin inhibitor (ARNI) combined with sodium-glucose co-transporter 2 inhibitor (SGLT2i) in patients with ischemic cardiomyopathy (ICM). Methods: A total of 128 ICM patients who were admitted to our hospital between December 2022 and February 2024 were selected as the study subjects and randomly divided into four groups: control group (standard medication, n=32), ARNI group (ARNI treatment, n=32), SGLT2i group (SGLT2i treatment, n=32), and combined group (ARNI + SGLT2i treatment, n=32). Kidney function indicators [urinary microalbumin (mALB), serum cystatin C (CysC)], brain natriuretic peptide (BNP), 6-minute walk test (6MWT), and inflammatory markers [interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, C-reactive protein (CRP), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α)] were compared before and after treatment, and adverse reaction incidence was recorded. Results: After treatment, kidney function indicators (mALB and CysC) decreased in all groups, with the ARNI, SGLT2i, and combined groups showing a greater reduction in mALB and CysC compared to the control group, and the combined group showing the greatest reduction compared to the ARNI and SGLT2i groups (P<0.05). After treatment, BNP levels decreased and 6MWT improved in all groups, with the ARNI, SGLT2i, and combined groups showing a greater decrease in BNP and greater improvement in 6MWT than the control group, and the combined group showing the greatest decrease in BNP and the greatest improvement in 6MWT compared to the ARNI and SGLT2i groups (P<0.05). After treatment, inflammatory markers (TNF-α, IL-6, CRP, IL-1β) decreased in all groups, with the ARNI, SGLT2i, and combined groups showing a greater decrease in inflammatory markers than the control group, and the combined group showing the greatest reduction in inflammatory markers compared to the ARNI and SGLT2i groups (P<0.05). There were no significant differences in the overall incidence of adverse reactions among the four groups (P>0.05). Conclusion: ARNI combined with SGLT2i is more effective than monotherapy in treating ICM, effectively protecting early renal function, enhancing vasodilation ability and exercise tolerance, improving systemic inflammation, and showing good safety, with great potential for broader application.