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| A Study of Pulmonary Function Characteristics and Risk Factors in Elderly Patients with Combined Pulmonary Fibrosis and Emphysema |
| ZHOU Xuan, XIE Li, ZOU Juan, et al |
| West China Hospital,Sichuan University, Sichuan Chengdu 610000, China |
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Abstract Objective: To investigate the characteristics of pulmonary function and risk factors of emphysema in elderly patients with pulmonary interstitial fibrosis complicated with emphysema syndrome (CPEF). Methods: The study included 144 eligible elderly patients with pulmonary interstitial fibrosis admitted to West China Hospital of Sichuan University from February 2019 to February 2022.Among these patients,90 were diagnosed with emphysema (CPEF group),and 54 had pulmonary interstitial fibrosis alone (control group).The study compared changes in pulmonary function parameters,blood routine,erythrocyte sedimentation rate,and other laboratory indicators between the two groups.Both univariate and multivariate methods were used to analyze the relationship between various factors and the development of pulmonary hypertension in patients with CPEF. Results: The study found no statistically significant differences in the FVC% pred and FEV1% pred measurements between the CPEF group and the control group (P>0.05).However,the FEV1/FVC and DLCO% pred measurements in the CPEF group were lower compared to the control group.Additionally,the CPEF group showed higher values for TLC% pred and RV% pred measurements compared to the control group,with these differences being statistically significant (P<0.05).The CPEF group had a higher proportion of male patients,a higher percentage of patients with a history of smoking,and a higher smoking index compared to the control group,and these differences were statistically significant (P<0.05).A logistic regression analysis revealed that male patients,smoking history,increased smoking index,decreased ALB (albumin),and decreased RDW (red blood cell distribution width) were independent risk factors for emphysema in patients with pulmonary interstitial fibrosis (P<0.05). Conclusion: Elderly patients with pulmonary interstitial fibrosis complicated by emphysema syndrome typically present with aggravated dyspnea and reduced pulmonary diffusion function.Risk factors for developing emphysema in these patients include male gender,smoking history,and decreased levels of ALB and RDW.
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2023, Vol. 29 
