Abstract：Objective: To investigate the bone marrow cell morphology and immunophenotype of patients with multiple myeloma (MM). Methods: A total of 116 patients with MM admitted to the hospital were selected as the observation group between July 2018 and June 2021. Meanwhile, 86 patients with hyperplastic anemia treated in the hospital were selected as the control group. The bone marrow cell morphology was observed under a light microscope, and the immunophenotype was detected by four-color flow cytometry. Results: In the observation group, there were 112 (96.55%) patients with active bone marrow hyperplasia and 4 (3.45%) patients with reduced bone marrow hyperplasia. Bone marrow smears of patients with MM showed different sizes and shapes of proplasmacytes. The proportions of different subtypes of immunophenotyping in observation group were significantly higher than those in the control group (P<0.05), and the proportions of CD38+ , CD138+ and CD56+ were the highest(P<0.05).There was no significant difference in the proportion of immunophenotype between patients with different proportions of myeloma cell subgroups in the observation group (P>0.05),and the proportions of the first three were the highest. There was no significant difference in above-mentioned indicators among MM patients with different proportions of myeloma cells, different protein types, different clinical stages, and patients with and without bone destruction (P>0.05).Conclusion: CD38+, CD138+, and CD56+ are specific immune proteins in myeloma cells of patients with MM. Combination with morphological analysis and immunophenotyping can provide an objective basis for the diagnosis of MM.
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2022, Vol. 28 
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