Abstract:Objective: To investigate the influence and significance of 5-aminolevulinic acid photodynamic therapy (ALA-PDT) on the expression of p53 and Caveolin-1 in Bowen's disease (BD) lesions. Methods: Forty cases of Bowen's disease and adjacent normal skin tissues were treated with ALA-PDT. Immunohistochemical staining (SP method) was used to detect the positive expression rates of p53 and Caveolin-1 in BD and surrounding normal skin tissues before and after photodynamic therapy. Results: Before treatment, the positive rates of p53 protein expression in normal skin tissue and BD were 10% and 40%, respectively (χ2=11.202, P<0.001), with a statistically significant difference. After treatment, the positive rates of p53 in normal skin tissue and BD were 10% and 5% (χ2=0.712, P=0.399), respectively, with no statistically significant difference between them. The difference in the positive expression rate of p53 in BD before and after treatment was statistically significant (χ2=14.811, P<0.001). Before treatment, the positive expression rates of Caveolin-1 in normal skin tissue and BD were 15% and 55%, respectively (χ2=14.449, P<0.001), with a statistically significant difference. After treatment, the positive rates of Caveolin-1 in normal skin tissue and BD were 5% and 12.5% (χ2=0.816, P=0.366), respectively, with no statistically significant difference between them. The difference in the positive expression rate of Caveolin-1 in BD before and after treatment was statistically significant (χ2=19.013, P<0.001). There was a positive correlation between p53 and Caveolin-1 expression in BD (r=0.533, P=0.015). Conclusion: The high expression of p53 and Caveolin-1 may be closely related to the occurrence of BD, and ALA-PDT can inhibit the expression of p53 and Caveolin-1, thereby inhibiting the progression of the disease. With a larger sample size, p53 and Caveolin-1 may become diagnostic tools for skin-related diseases and provide new targets for their treatment.
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