Abstract:Objective: To observe the pathological changes of chronic hepatitis C after the treatment of peg-interferon α-2a combined with ribavirin. Methods: 40 patients with chronic hepatitis C visited our hospital from October 2014 to October 2015 as the research object, were randomly divided into two groups, 20 cases in each group. Observation group was treated with peg interferon α-2a and ribavirin, the control group was given general hepatoprotective treatment, The levels of ALT, HCVRNA and the pathological tissue of the two groups were compared. Results: After treatment, the observation group ALT recovery rate was 80%, there's no significant difference with the control group (P>0.05); the observation group HCVRNA negative rate was 90%, compared with the control group were significantly higher (P<0.05); liver inflammation and fibrosis of the observation group was significantly lower than before, and significantly lower than the control group (P<0.05). Conclusion: Antiviral treatment can significantly reduce the degree of liver inflammatory activity and fibrosis.It is of great significance to evaluate the effect of antiviral therapy from the pathological point.