Abstract：Objective: To investigate the effects of geniposide (GNP) on inflammatory damage in periodontitis rats and its potential mechanism. Methods: Rats were randomly divided into the control group, periodontitis model group (model group), periodontitis model + low-dose GNP treatment group (low-dose group), periodontitis model + medium-dose GNP treatment group (medium-dose group), periodontitis model + high-dose GNP treatment group (high-dose group), and positive control sub-antibacterial doxycycline treatment group (SDD group). High-resolution micro-CT was used to detect alveolar bone microstructure, hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining was used to observe periodontitis histopathology, ELISA kits were used to detect serum IL-1β and IL-6 levels, and Western blotting was performed to detect protein expression of NF-κB P65, NLRP3, ASC, caspase-1, cleaved-caspase-1, and IL-1β in periodontal tissue. Results: Compared with the control group, the model group showed significantly decreased alveolar bone density (BMD) and bone volume fraction (BV/TV), while IL-1, IL-6 levels, alveolar bone resorption, and protein expressions of NF-κB P65, NLRP3, ASC, cleaved-caspase-1, and IL-1β in periodontal tissue were significantly increased (P<0.05). Meanwhile, alveolar bone resorption was significant, the alveolar ridge disappeared, and inflammatory cell infiltration was observed in periodontal tissue. Compared with the model group, the low-dose, medium-dose, high-dose, and SDD groups showed significant increases in BMD and BV/TV, and decreases in IL-1, IL-6 levels, alveolar bone resorption, and protein expressions of NF-κB P65, NLRP3, ASC, cleaved-caspase-1, and IL-1β in periodontal tissue (P<0.05). With increasing doses of GNP, the adverse changes were alleviated, alveolar bone resorption was progressively reduced, and inflammatory cell infiltration in periodontal tissue decreased. Compared with the low-dose group, the medium-dose, high-dose, and SDD groups showed significant increases in BMD and BV/TV, and decreases in IL-1, IL-6 levels, alveolar bone resorption, and protein expressions of NF-κB P65, NLRP3, ASC, cleaved-caspase-1, and IL-1β (P<0.05). Compared with the medium-dose group, the high-dose group and SDD group showed significant increases in BMD and BV/TV, and decreases in IL-1, IL-6 levels, alveolar bone resorption, and protein expressions of NF-κB P65, NLRP3, ASC, cleaved-caspase-1, and IL-1β (P<0.05). No significant difference was observed between the high-dose group and SDD group regarding BMD, BV/TV, IL-1, IL-6 levels, alveolar bone resorption, and protein expression of NF-κB P65, NLRP3, ASC, IL-1, and cleaved-caspase-1. Conclusions: Geniposide may alleviate the inflammatory response in periodontitis rats and improve alveolar bone resorption by inhibiting the activation of NF-κB/NLRP3 and suppressing IL-1β secretion.
[1] Kwon T,Lamster IB,Levin L.Current concepts in the management of periodontitis[J].Int Dent,2021,71(6):462-476. [2] Sun J,Song X,Wang C,et al.Geniposidic acid alleviates osteoarthritis progression through inhibiting inflammation and chondrocytes ferroptosis[J].Cell Mol Med,2024,28(8):18228. [3] Shan C,Xiong Y,Miao F,et al.Hydroxytyrosol mitigates Mycoplasma gallisepticum-induced pulmonary injury through downregulation of the NF-κB/NLRP3/IL-1β signaling pathway in chicken[J].Poult Sci,2023,102(5):102582. [4] Abraham D,Singh A,Goyal A.Salivary levels of NLRP3 protein are significantly raised in chronic periodontitis:a systematic review and meta-analysis of clinical studies[J].Indian Soc Periodontol,2023,27(6):552-558. [5] 张清平,陈永旺.栀子苷通过抑制NLRP3炎症小体激活治疗MRL/lpr小鼠狼疮性肾炎[J].中国免疫学杂志,2021,37(17):2082-2086. [6] 山玲莉,王振宇,高永红.栀子苷对牙周病大鼠GSK3β/Nrf2通路及牙槽骨丢失的影响[J].中国老年学杂志,2023,43(7):1711-1715. [7] 高原雪,沈甜,何林,等.黄芩苷、栀子苷及其配伍对小胶质细胞增殖及激活后炎性因子影响[J].现代中医药,2019,39(3):106-109. [8] Hashim N,Babiker R,Mohammed R,et al.NLRP3 inflammasome in autoinflammatory diseases and periodontitis advance in the management[J].Pharm Bioallied Sci,2024,16(Suppl 2):1110-1119. [9] Li L,Li J,Li S,et al.IL-37 alleviates alveolar bone resorption and inflammatory response through the NF-κB/NLRP3 signaling pathway in male mice with periodontitis[J].Arch Oral Biol,2023(147):105629. [10] Chen Y,Yang Q,Lv C,et al.NLRP3 regulates alveolar bone loss in ligature-induced periodontitis by promoting osteoclastic differentiation[J].Cell Prolif,2021,54(2):12973.
2025, Vol. 31 
冀公网安备13080202000786号