Abstract：Objective: To investigate the effects of different tidal volumes and positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) lung protective ventilation strategies on respiratory function and hemodynamics in COPD rat models. Methods: COPD rat models were established by smoke inhalation and intratracheal administration of lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Rats were randomly divided into 9 groups (10 rats per group): control and COPD groups received tracheal intubation only without mechanical ventilation; L+P0 group, L+P3 group, L+P5 group, and L+P10 group received mechanical ventilation with 6 ml/kg tidal volume and 0 cm H2O, 3 cm H2O, 5 cm H2O, and 10 cm H2O PEEP, respectively, for 120 min after tracheal intubation; H+P0 group, H+P3 group, H+P5 group, and H+P10 group received mechanical ventilation with 20 ml/kg tidal volume and 0 cm H2O, 3 cm H2O, 5 cm H2O, and 10 cm H2O PEEP, respectively, for 120 min after tracheal intubation. Respiratory function and hemodynamic parameters were measured using a small animal non-invasive respiratory function monitoring system and blood gas analyzer. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used to detect the levels of inflammatory mediators in lung tissue and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF). Results: Compared with the control group, COPD rats showed significantly decreased respiratory function parameters and PaO2 (P<0.05); compared with the COPD group, L+P0 group, L+P3 group, and L+P5 group showed significantly increased respiratory function parameters and PaO2 (P<0.05), while L+P10 group, H+P0 group, H+P3 group, H+P5 group, and H+P10 group showed significantly decreased respiratory function parameters and PaO2 (P<0.05); L+P5 group showed significantly higher respiratory function parameters and PaO2 than L+P0 group and L+P3 group (P<0.05); compared with L+P5 group, L+P10 group, H+P0 group, H+P3 group, H+P5 group, and H+P10 group showed significantly decreased respiratory function parameters and PaO2 (P<0.05). Compared with the control group, COPD rats showed significantly increased levels of IL-8 and TNF-α in lung tissue and BALF, while IL-10 levels were significantly decreased (P<0.05); compared with the COPD group, L+P0 group, L+P3 group, and L+P5 group showed significantly decreased levels of IL-8 and TNF-α and significantly increased levels of IL-10 (P<0.05), while L+P10 group, H+P0 group, H+P3 group, H+P5 group, and H+P10 group showed significantly increased levels of IL-8 and TNF-α and significantly decreased levels of IL-10 (P<0.05); L+P5 group showed significantly lower levels of IL-8 and TNF-α in lung tissue and significantly higher levels of IL-10 than L+P0 group and L+P3 group (P<0.05); compared with L+P5 group, L+P10 group, H+P0 group, H+P3 group, H+P5 group, and H+P10 group showed significantly increased levels of IL-8 and TNF-α and significantly decreased levels of IL-10 (P<0.05). Conclusion: Lung protective ventilation strategies with low tidal volume and higher PEEP (such as 5 cm H2O PEEP) can alleviate lung inflammation and lung injury in COPD rats, improve respiratory function and hemodynamics in COPD patients.
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2024, Vol. 30 
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