Abstract：Objective: To explore the changes and clinical significance of levels of peripheral blood helper T cell 1/helper T cell 2 (Th1/Th2) cytokines in patients with bacterial pneumonia. Methods: 123 patients with bacterial pneumonia who were treated in the hospital between January 2018 and January 2021 were selected as the research subjects. CURB-65 scoring system was used to assess the severity of the disease, and the patients were divided into a moderate-to-severe group (CURB-65 score ≥2 points, 72 cases) and a mild group (CURB-65 score of 0-1 point, 51 cases). The baseline data, Th1/Th2 and Th1/Th2 secretory cytokines [interferon-γ (IFN-γ), interleukin-4 (IL-4)] were compared between the two groups, and the correlation between levels of Th1/Th2, IFN-γ and IL-4 and CURB-65 score in patients with bacterial pneumonia, and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was plotted to analyze the diagnostic efficiency of the above indicators on moderate-to-severe bacterial pneumonia. Results: There were no significant differences in gender, age, smoking history, comorbidities, and other baseline data between the two groups (P>0.05). The white blood cell count (WBC) and procalcitonin (PCT) levels in the moderate-to-severe group were significantly higher than those in the mild group (P<0.05). The levels of Th1/Th2 and IFN-γ were significantly lower in the moderate-to-severe group than those in the mild group (P<0.05) while the level of IL-4 was significantly higher than that in the mild group (P<0.05). Spearman correlation analysis showed that the CURB-65 score of patients with bacterial pneumonia was significantly negatively correlated with Th1/Th2 and IFN-γ (P<0.05), and was significantly positively correlated with IL-4 (P<0.05). ROC curve analysis showed that the AUC values of the above indicators in diagnosing moderate-to-severe bacterial pneumonia were 0.904, 0.886, and 0.818, and the cut-off values were 2.42, 9.34 pg/ml, and 10.98 pg/ml, and the AUC of the combination of the three indicators was 0.985, with high diagnostic efficiency (P<0.05). Conclusion: The levels of Th1/Th2 and its cytokines in peripheral blood of patients with bacterial pneumonia are related to the severity of the disease. The above indicators have a reference value for the evaluation and treatment of the disease.
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2022, Vol. 28 
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