Abstract:Objective: To explore the plasma histone acetylation enzyme 2, interleukin 1, interleukin 6 and interleukin 17A levles of patients with COPD and the clinical significance. Methods: 64 COPD patients were retrospectively chosen as the observation group in our respiratory intensive care unit from June 2016 to June 2018. While, 64 cases of normal physical health people were selected as the control group. Serum HDAC2, IL-1β, IL-6 and IL-17A levels were determined by ELISA. FEV1/FVC% and FEV1% pred values were detected by the lung function detector. Pearson correlation analysis was performed to explore the correlation between serum HDAC2, IL-1β, IL-6 and IL-17A levels and lung function. Results: Compared with the control group, serum HDAC2, IL-1β, IL-6 and IL-17A levels were significantly increased in the observation group (P<0.05). Serum HDAC2, IL-1β, IL-6 and IL-17A levels of observation group were gradually increased with the lung function grade increase (P<0.05). FEV1/FVC%,FEV1% pred of COPD patients with different levels of lung function decreased gradually with the increase of grade, and the comparison difference results were statistically significant (P<0.05). Pearson correlation analysis showed that serum HDAC2 level was positively correlated with lung function. While, IL-1β, IL-6 and IL-17A levels were negatively correlated with lung function FEV1/FVC% and FEV1% pred (P<0.05). Conclusion: The expression of histone deacetylase 2 was decreased, IL-1β, IL-6 and IL-17A levels of COPD patients were significant increased. The inflammation of patient airway and alveolar tissue were activated, which might be one of the main factors of progressive decline of lung function.